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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Anesthesia and Intensive Care</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Anesthesia and Intensive Care</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский вестник детской хирургии, анестезиологии и реаниматологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2219-4061</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-6554</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">975</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/psaic975</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Study Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Comparative evaluation of the results of conservative and surgical methods of treatment of children with destructive forms of pyelonephritis</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Сравнительная оценка результатов консервативного и хирургического методов лечения детей с деструктивными формами пиелонефрита</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5957-7037</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7990-4317</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzovleva</surname><given-names>Galina I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузовлева</surname><given-names>Галина Игоревна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), paediatric urologist</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, врач – уролог-андролог детский</p></bio><email>dr.gala@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8399-2687</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6660-0890</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Grushitskaya</surname><given-names>Elena V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Грушицкая</surname><given-names>Елена Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Clinical pharmacologist</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>клинический фармаколог</p></bio><email>alenagk@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9528-7056</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5517-1191</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Staroverov</surname><given-names>Oleg V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Староверов</surname><given-names>Олег Васильевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>staroverov2002@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3718-8911</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6989-5041</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rostovskaya</surname><given-names>Vera V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ростовская</surname><given-names>Вера Васильевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук</p></bio><email>rostovskaya_vera@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0785-0222</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1228-5484</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shmyrov</surname><given-names>Oleg S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шмыров</surname><given-names>Олег Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>moroz-uro@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5872-6267</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8774-5827</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharov</surname><given-names>Andrey I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захаров</surname><given-names>Андрей Игоревич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>zaharov@pedurology.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Speransky Children’s Hospital No. 9</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Детская городская клиническая больница № 9 им. Г.Н. Сперанского</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский университет)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Morozovskaya Children’s Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Морозовская детская городская клиническая больница</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.F. Filatov Children’s Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Детская городская клиническая больница им. Н.Ф. Филатова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-10-13" publication-format="electronic"><day>13</day><month>10</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>339</fpage><lpage>350</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-06-22"><day>22</day><month>06</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2021-08-24"><day>24</day><month>08</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Kuzovleva G.I., Grushitskaya E.V., Staroverov O.V., Rostovskaya V.V., Shmyrov O.S., Zakharov A.I.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, Кузовлева Г.И., Грушицкая Е.В., Староверов О.В., Ростовская В.В., Шмыров О.С., Захаров А.И.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kuzovleva G.I., Grushitskaya E.V., Staroverov O.V., Rostovskaya V.V., Shmyrov O.S., Zakharov A.I.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кузовлева Г.И., Грушицкая Е.В., Староверов О.В., Ростовская В.В., Шмыров О.С., Захаров А.И.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rps-journal.ru/jour/article/view/975">https://rps-journal.ru/jour/article/view/975</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold><italic>BACKGROUND:</italic></bold> The relevance of destructive pyelonephritis in pediatric practice is determined by frequency of various complications of the disease associated with a high risk of irreversible morphofunctional changes in parenchyma of affected kidney, the lack of tactical consensus in the professional community and regulatory documents regulating the procedure for diagnostic and therapeutic support of this contingent of patients.</p> <p><bold><italic>AIM:</italic> </bold>Substantiation of the tactics of effective treatment children with destructive pyelonephritis, based on the results of a multifactorial retrospective analysis of the course and outcomes of the disease.</p> <p><bold><italic>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</italic></bold> The results of the analysis of medical documentation of 38 patients with destructive pyelonephritis aged 3–204 months (median 93.5) who received inpatient treatment in 2015–2019 in three specialized clinics in Moscow are presented.</p> <p><bold><italic>RESULTS:</italic> </bold>More than half of the patients (28 children) in the acute period of the disease received conservative therapy, including infusion and antibacterial, the escalation of which was carried out with the preservation or increase of manifestations of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome, as well as negative dynamics according to ultrasound or CT data. In the group of patients (<italic>n</italic> = 10), indications for surgical treatment were formulated – decapsulation of the kidney, opening of apostemas and abscessed foci, drainage of the paranephral space. During the examination in catamnesis, realized in 50%. It was found that in the majority (91%) of children treated conservatively, a statistically significant decrease in the volume of the kidney on the affected side was registered. These complications were not detected among the operated patients.</p> <p><bold><italic>CONCLUSION:</italic></bold> The pharmacy of choice for starting antibacterial therapy should be inhibitor-protected beta-lactams, carbapenems, if the etiological significance of staphylococcus is suspected, it is advisable to connect linezolid. In case of laboratory signs of hypercoagulation, it is necessary to connect anticoagulants. Surgical tactics can minimize the risk of complications associated with the purulent-destructive process, contributing to regenerative processes in the kidney parenchyma. The objectification of the results of the catamnestic examination is due to the performance of nephroscintigraphy.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold><italic>Введение.</italic></bold> Актуальность проблемы деструктивного пиелонефрита в педиатрической практике определяется частотой различных осложнений заболевания, сопряженных с высоким риском необратимых морфофункциональных изменений паренхимы пораженной почки, отсутствием тактического консенсуса в профессиональном сообществе и нормативных документов, регламентирующих порядок диагностического и лечебного обеспечения данного контингента больных.</p> <p><bold><italic>Цель.</italic></bold> Обоснование тактики эффективного лечения детей с деструктивным пиелонефритом, на основе результатов многофакторного ретроспективного анализа течения и исходов заболевания.</p> <p><bold><italic>Материалы и методы. </italic></bold>Представлены результаты анализа медицинской документации 38 пациентов с деструктивным пиелонефритом в возрасте 3–204 мес. (медиана 93,5), получавших стационарное лечение в 2015–2019 гг. в трех профильных клиниках Москвы.</p> <p><bold><italic>Результаты.</italic> </bold>Более половины пациентов (28 детей) в остром периоде заболевания получали консервативную терапию, включая инфузионную и антибактериальную, эскалация которой проводилась при сохранении или нарастании проявлений синдрома системного воспалительного ответа, а также отрицательной динамике по данным ультразвукового исследования или компьютерной томографии. В группе пациентов (<italic>n</italic> = 10) были сформулированы показания для оперативного лечения — декапсуляция почки, вскрытие апостем и очагов абсцедирования, дренирование паранефрального пространства. При обследовании больных в катамнезе, реализованном у 50 % пациентов, установлено, что у большинства (91 %) детей, пролеченных консервативно, зарегистрировано статистически значимое уменьшение объема почки на стороне поражения. Среди оперированных больных данные осложнения не констатированы.</p> <p><bold><italic>Заключение.</italic></bold> Препаратами выбора для стартовой антибактериальной терапии должны быть ингибиторзащищенные бета-лактамы, карбапенемы, при подозрении на этиологическую значимость стафилококка целесообразно подключение линезолида. При лабораторных признаках гиперкоагуляции необходимо добавление антикоагулянтов. Хирургическая тактика позволяет минимизировать риск осложнений, ассоциированных с гнойно-деструктивным процессом, способствуя регенераторным процессам в паренхиме почки. Объективизация результатов катамнестического обследования обусловлена выполнением нефросцинтиграфии.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>destructive pyelonephritis</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>conservative therapy</kwd><kwd>surgical treatment</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>деструктивный пиелонефрит</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>консервативная терапия</kwd><kwd>хирургическое лечение</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Czaja CA, Scholes D, Hooton TM, Stamm WE. Population-Based Epidemiologic Analysis of Acute Pyelonephritis. Clinical Infectious Diseases. 2007;45(3):273–280. DOI: 10.1086/519268</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Czaja C.A., Scholes D., Hooton T.M., Stamm W.E. Population-Based Epidemiologic Analysis of Acute Pyelonephritis // Clinical Infectious Diseases. 2007. Vol. 45. No. 3. P. 273–280. 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