Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Anesthesia and Intensive CareRussian Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Anesthesia and Intensive CareРоссийский вестник детской хирургии, анестезиологии и реаниматологии2219-40612587-6554Eco-Vector93610.17816/psaic936ReviewsОбзорыReview ArticleFundamentals of photodynamic therapy, clinical practice and prospects for use in pediatric surgery. ReviewОсновы фотодинамической терапии, клиническая практика и перспективы применения в детской хирургии. Обзор литературыhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0191-11161247-1019BataevSaidkhasan M.БатаевСаидхасан Магомедович
Russian Federation

Dr. Sci. (Med.), Chief Researcher

д-р мед. наук, главный научный сотрудник

khassan-2@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9088-19773246-1880TsilenkoKonstantin S.ЦиленкоКонстантин Сергеевич
Russian Federation

Research Associate

научный сотрудник

2408062@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7244-28183071-3803OsipovAnatoly N.ОсиповАнатолий Николаевич
Russian Federation

Dr. Sci. (Biol.), Head of Department

д-р биол. наук, заведующий кафедрой

anosipov@yahoo.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9413-48593273-4806ReshetnikovAndrey V.РешетниковАндрей Валентинович
Russian Federation

Cand. Sci. (Chem.)

канд. хим. наук

office@radapharma.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8166-11583472-2802BataevAli S.БатаевАли Саидхасанович
Russian Federation

Clinical Resident

клинический ординатор

bataev.ali@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1227-34393532-1099SosnovaSofya P.СосноваСофья Петровна
Russian Federation

Pediatric Surgeon

детский хирург

s.s.petrovna@mail.ruVeltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical UniversityНаучно-исследовательский клинический институт педиатрии и детской хирургии им. акад. Ю.Е. Вельтищева Российского национального исследовательского медицинского университета им. Н.И. ПироговаPirogov Russian National Research Medical UniversityРоссийский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова22112022190120231244614721103202121112022Copyright ©; 2023, Eco-VectorCopyright ©; 2023, Эко-Вектор2023Eco-VectorЭко-Векторhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0https://rps-journal.ru/jour/article/view/936

The paper provides a review of domestic and foreign literature on photodynamic therapy, which is mainly used by oncologists in the treatment of adult patients and is little known to pediatric surgeons. The aim of this work is to describe the history of the formation, principles and mechanisms of photodynamic therapy, the main groups of photo sensitizers, areas of clinical application and prospects for wider use in pediatric surgery.

Literature sources were searched in the databases in Russian eLibrary and English Medline and PubMed. The following keywords were specified for the search: photodynamic therapy, dysplasia, metaplasia, angiodysplasia, Barrett’s syndrome, children. 865 papers were found, of which 66 were fully consistent with the purpose of our study and were analyzed.

The data presented in the review of the literature indicate the high efficiency of the method of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of a number of diseases, mostly in oncology. In addition, the work contains theoretical calculations and separate reports on the effectiveness of the method in the treatment of dysplasia of varying degrees in children.

Taking into account the minimally invasiveness of the technique, the relative cheapness of photosensitizers and equipment for generating laser radiation, it is possible to create a basis for conducting research on the treatment of children with various dysplasias, epithelial metaplasia, and vascular malformations. Another promising direction is the development of technologies for the use of photodynamic methods for the treatment of severe forms of pyoinflammatory diseases in children.

In childhood surgery, there are nosological forms of diseases where the method of photodynamic therapy has the prospect of effective use. Limitations on the scope of this article do not allow for a detailed analysis of the existing experience in the use of photodynamic therapy in children, which will need to be done in subsequent works.

В приведенном обзоре отечественной и зарубежной литературы, посвященном фотодинамической терапии, которая применяется в основном онкологами в лечении взрослых пациентов и мало известна детским хирургам, описаны истории становления, принципы и механизмы фотодинамической терапии, основные группы фотосенсибилизаторов, сферы клинического применения и перспективы более широкого использования в детской хирургии.

Проведен поиск литературных источников в базах данных на русском языке eLibrary и на английском языке Medline и PubMed. Для поиска были заданы следующие ключевые слова: фотодинамическая терапия, дисплазии, метаплазия, ангиодисплазия, пищевод Барретта, дети (photodynamic therapy, dysplasia, metaplasia, angiodysplasia, Barrett’s syndrome, сhildren). Обнаружено 865 работ, из которых 66 имели полное соответствие цели нашего исследования и были подвергнуты анализу.

Полученные сведения указывают на высокую эффективность метода фотодинамической терапии в лечении целого ряда заболеваний, по большей части в онкологии. Кроме этого, в работе приведены обоснования и отдельные сообщения об эффективности метода в лечении детей с дисплазией различной степени.

Принимая во внимание миниинвазивность методики, сравнительную дешевизну фотосенсибилизаторов и оборудования для генерации лазерного излучения, можно создать основу для проведения исследований по лечению детей с различными дисплазиями, эпителиальной метаплазией, сосудистыми мальформациями. Другим перспективным направлением является разработка технологий использования фотодинамических методов для лечения тяжелых форм гнойно-воспалительных заболеваний у детей.

В хирургии детского возраста существуют нозологические формы заболеваний, где метод фотодинамической терапии имеет перспективу эффективного использования. Необходим дальнейший детальный анализ уже имеющегося опыта применения фотодинамической терапии у детей.

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