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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="data-paper" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Anesthesia and Intensive Care</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Anesthesia and Intensive Care</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский вестник детской хирургии, анестезиологии и реаниматологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2219-4061</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-6554</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">726</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/psaic726</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Study Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Scientific Report</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Surgical approaches to the third ventricle of the brain in children</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Хирургические доступы к III желудочку головного мозга у детей</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0984-2039</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6686-3132</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorelyshev</surname><given-names>Sergey K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горелышев</surname><given-names>Сергей Кириллович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, pediatric neurosurgeon</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор, детский нейрохирург</p></bio><email>sgorel@nsi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5921-6513</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Medvedeva</surname><given-names>Olga A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Медведева</surname><given-names>Ольга Александровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), Pediatric neurosurgeon</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, детский нейрохирург</p></bio><email>omedvedeva@nsi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Burdenko National Center for Neurosurgery</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр нейрохирургии им. акад. Н.Н. Бурденко</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-05-31" publication-format="electronic"><day>31</day><month>05</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>47</fpage><lpage>54</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-02-24"><day>24</day><month>02</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2021-03-29"><day>29</day><month>03</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Gorelyshev S.K., Medvedeva O.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, Горелышев С.К., Медведева О.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gorelyshev S.K., Medvedeva O.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Горелышев С.К., Медведева О.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rps-journal.ru/jour/article/view/726">https://rps-journal.ru/jour/article/view/726</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold><italic>AIM:</italic> </bold>This study aimed to describe and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of various surgical approaches to neoplasms of the third ventricle of the brain in children.</p> <p><bold><italic>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</italic></bold> This study analyzed surgical interventions to the third ventricle in 657 patients, performed at the Academician N.N. Burdenko of the Research Institute of Neurosurgery from 1998 to 2018. These included 375 patients with intra-extraventricular craniopharyngiomas and 282 patients with gliomas of the third ventricle and chiasm. The patients’ age ranged from 3 mon to 18 years old.</p> <p><italic><bold>RESULTS:</bold> </italic>The anterior transcallosal approach provides access to the anterior horn and bodies of the lateral ventricles, as well as the third ventricle. The transfornical approach provides more opportunities for access to both the anterior and posterior parts of the third ventricle; however, it has a high risk of trauma to the fornix. The subchoroidal approach provides a very good view of the posterior parts of the third ventricle, especially of the pineal region; however, it has even greater restrictions on viewing its anterior parts. When compared with the transcallosal approach, the transfrontal approach can be used more safely in the absence of hydrocephalus (if the tumor is located in the anterior horn). No specific complications were inherent in a particular approach (seizures were registered in 1%, transient hemiparesis was noted in 10%, and transient memory impairments were revealed in 5% of cases).</p> <p><bold><italic>CONCLUSION:</italic></bold> The use of a transcallosal approach is safe even in infants. The transcortical approach is recommended mainly for large tumors of the lateral ventricles, and the transcallosal approach should be used for small tumors of the third ventricle. No specific complications were inherent in a particular approach, and the choice was determined by the assessment of the exact location of the tumor and calculation of the most relevant trajectory for its achievement as well as the aim (biopsy or radical removal). Analysis of magnetic resonance imaging and neuronavigation are significant in the selection of surgical approaches.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold><italic>Цель.</italic> </bold>Описать методику и проанализировать преимущества и недостатки различных хирургических доступов к новообразованиям области III желудочка головного мозга у детей.</p> <p><bold><italic>Материалы и методы</italic>.</bold> Проанализированы операции у 657 пациентов с использованием хирургических доступов к области III желудочка, выполненные в НМИЦ нейрохирургии им. акад. Н.Н. Бурденко за период с 1998 по 2018 г. Из них с краниофарингиомами интра-экстравентрикулярной локализации — 375 человек, глиом III желудочка и хиазмы — 282 пациента. Возраст больных составлял от 3 мес. до 18 лет.</p> <p><italic><bold>Результаты.</bold> </italic>Передний транскаллезный подход дает доступ к переднему рогу и телам боковых желудочков, а также III желудочка. Трансфорникальный подход дает больше возможностей для доступа как к передним, так и к задним отделам III желудочка, однако несет в себе большой риск травмирования свода мозга. Субхороидальный подход дает очень хороший обзор задних отделов III желудочка, и особенно, пинеальной области, однако имеет еще бΌльшие ограничения по обзору его передних отделов. При сравнении с транскаллезным доступом трансфронтальный доступ можно более смело применять при отсутствии гидроцефалии (если опухоль расположена в переднем роге). Не выявлено каких-либо специфических осложнений, присущих тому или другому доступу (судороги — в 1 %, транзиторный гемипарез — в 10 %, транзиторные нарушения памяти — в 5 % случаев).</p> <p><bold><italic>Заключение.</italic> </bold>Использование транскаллезного доступа является безопасным даже у детей грудного возраста. Транскортикальный доступ целесообразно использовать преимущественно при больших опухолях боковых желудочков, а транскаллезный — при небольших опухолях III желудочка. Не выявлено каких-либо специфических осложнений, присущих тому или другому доступу, выбор диктуется оценкой точного расположения опухоли и расчетом наиболее адекватной траектории ее достижения, а также поставленной целью (биопсия или радикальное удаление). В выборе доступа существенную роль играет анализ магнитно-резонансной томографии и нейронавигация.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>neurosurgery</kwd><kwd>tumors of the third ventricle</kwd><kwd>transcallosal approach</kwd><kwd>craniopharyngiomas</kwd><kwd>endoscopic assistance</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нейрохирургия</kwd><kwd>опухоли III желудочка</kwd><kwd>транскаллезный доступ</kwd><kwd>краниофарингиомы</kwd><kwd>эндоскопическая ассистенция</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gorelyshev SK, Matuev KB, Medvedev OA. Migrating choroid plexus papilloma of the lateral ventricle in infant — modern approaches to surgical treatment. Burdenko’s Journal of Neurosurgery. 2013;77(6):45–50.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Горелышев С.К., Матуев К.Б., Медведева О.А. 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