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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Anesthesia and Intensive Care</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Anesthesia and Intensive Care</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский вестник детской хирургии, анестезиологии и реаниматологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2219-4061</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-6554</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">723</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/psaic723</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Assessment of the patency of the left portal vein during mesoportal shunting in children with extrahepatic portal hypertension</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Оценка проходимости левой воротной вены при мезопортальном шунтировании у детей с внепеченочной портальной гипертензией</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1229-8102</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sokolova</surname><given-names>Daria A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соколова</surname><given-names>Дарья Андреевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pediatric surgeon resident</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-ординатор</p></bio><email>daras9190@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0016-6444</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mitupov</surname><given-names>Zoricto B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Митупов</surname><given-names>Зорикто Батоевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Pediatric surgeon</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, врач-детский хирург</p></bio><email>zmitupov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8615-3742</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurtak</surname><given-names>Nikita D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куртак</surname><given-names>Никита Дмитриевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>surgeon</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-хирург</p></bio><email>dr.kurtak@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9497-4070</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Razumovsky</surname><given-names>Alexander Y.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Разумовский</surname><given-names>Александр Юрьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), professor, corresponding member of RAS</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, член корреспондент РАН</p></bio><email>1595105@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N. F. Filatov Children’s Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Детская городская клиническая больница им. Н.Ф. Филатова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт им. М.Ф. Владимирского</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-07-07" publication-format="electronic"><day>07</day><month>07</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>185</fpage><lpage>200</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-02-19"><day>19</day><month>02</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2021-05-12"><day>12</day><month>05</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Sokolova D.A., Mitupov Z.B., Kurtak N.D., Razumovsky A.Y.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, Соколова Д.А., Митупов З.Б., Куртак Н.Д., Разумовский А.Ю.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sokolova D.A., Mitupov Z.B., Kurtak N.D., Razumovsky A.Y.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Соколова Д.А., Митупов З.Б., Куртак Н.Д., Разумовский А.Ю.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rps-journal.ru/jour/article/view/723">https://rps-journal.ru/jour/article/view/723</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><italic>BACKGROUND:</italic> One of the most common causes of extrahepatic portal hypertension in children is portal vein thrombosis. The causes of this disease are different and, in most cases, remain unrecognized. Along with this, the mesoportal shunt (Rex shunt) proved itself and today is considered the “gold standard” to treat extrahepatic portal hypertension in children. The restoration of hepatopetal blood flow eliminates gastroesophageal bleeding, splenomegaly, hypersplenism, and many other complications. For the results of mesoportal shunt to be successful, several conditions must be met, one of which is the patency of the umbilical portion of the left portal vein. Despite the importance of preoperative diagnostics of the patency of this area, the most optimal instrumental research method has not yet been found.</p> <p><italic>AIM:</italic> This literature review aims to highlight the main issues of extrahepatic portal hypertension etiopathogenesis, surgical treatment methods, and the most effective preoperative diagnostic methods to assess the patency of the left portal vein.</p> <p><italic>RESULTS:</italic> The authors analyzed the sources of domestic and foreign literature on the etiology, pathogenesis of HSV in children, and laboratory and instrumental diagnostic methods to assess the patency of the PVI to plan the mesoportal shunting operation.</p> <p><italic>CONCLUSIONS:</italic> Extrahepatic portal hypertension is a polyetiological disease with a possible hereditary predisposition to a thrombotic process under the influence of various triggers. The most common causes of portal vein thrombosis are omphalitis and umbilical vein catheterization in the neonatal period. Unfortunately, to date, none of the existing instrumental diagnostic methods can reliably answer the question about left portal vein patency. Due to the small number of works, the lack of a unified view on the problem of preoperative diagnosis of patients with extrahepatic portal hypertension, we could not reliably determine the specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy of each instrumental method. Therefore, we could not identify the “gold standard” method. Nevertheless, with further improvement of the methods for preoperative assessment of the left portal vein patency, surgeons will be more likely to predict the successful outcome of mesoportal shunting, which will generally affect the surgical treatment quality of extrahepatic portal hypertension in children.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> Одна из наиболее частых причин внепеченочной портальной гипертензии у детей — тромбоз ствола воротной вены. Причины данного заболевания различны и в большинстве случаев остаются нераспознанными. Наряду с этим, операция мезопортального шунтирования (Rex shunt) хорошо зарекомендовала себя и на сегодняшний день считается золотым стандартом в лечении детей с внепеченочной портальной гипертензией. Восстановление гепатопетального кровотока позволяет избавиться не только от желудочно-пищеводных кровотечений, спленомегалии и гиперспленизма, но и многих других осложнений. Для того чтобы результат мезопортального шунтирования был успешным, необходимо соблюдение нескольких условий, одно из которых — проходимость умбиликальной порции левой воротной вены. Несмотря на важность предоперационной диагностики проходимости этого участка, до сих пор не найден наиболее оптимальный инструментальный метод исследования.</p> <p><bold>Цель</bold> данного литературного обзора — осветить основные вопросы этиопатогенеза внепеченочной портальной гипертензии, способы оперативного лечения и наиболее эффективные методы предоперационной диагностики в оценке проходимости левой воротной вены.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Проанализированы источники отечественной и зарубежной литературы по вопросам этиологии, патогенеза внепеченочной портальной гипертензии у детей, а также методов лабораторной и инструментальной диагностики для оценки проходимости левой воротной вены с целью планирования операции мезопортального шунтирования.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Внепеченочная портальная гипертензия — полиэтиологическое заболевание с возможной наследственной предрасположенностью к тромботическому процессу под влиянием различных триггеров. Наиболее частыми причинами тромбоза воротной вены остаются омфалит и катетеризация пупочной вены в неонатальном периоде. К сожалению, на сегодняшний день из существующих инструментальных методов диагностики ни одно не способно достоверно ответить на вопрос о проходимости левой воротной вены. По причине малого количества работ, отсутствия единого взгляда на проблему предоперационной диагностики пациентов с внепеченочной портальной гипертензией нам не удалось достоверно определить специфичность, чувствительность и точность каждого инструментального метода, а следовательно, и найти метод золотого стандарта. Тем не менее при дальнейшем усовершенствовании методов дооперационной оценки проходимости левой воротной вены хирурги смогут с большей долей вероятности прогнозировать успешный исход выполнения мезопортального шунтирования, что в целом повлияет на качество хирургического лечения детей с внепеченочной портальной гипертензией.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>portal vein thrombosis</kwd><kwd>extrahepatic portal hypertension</kwd><kwd>mesoportal shunting</kwd><kwd>retrograde portography</kwd><kwd>children</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>тромбоз воротной вены</kwd><kwd>внепеченочная портальная гипертензия</kwd><kwd>мезопортальное шунтирование</kwd><kwd>ретроградная портография</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Razumovskii AYu, Dronov AF, Rachkov VE, et al. 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