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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Anesthesia and Intensive Care</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Anesthesia and Intensive Care</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский вестник детской хирургии, анестезиологии и реаниматологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2219-4061</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-6554</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">664</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/psaic664</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Study Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Surgical treatment of children with pilonidal cysts</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Хирургическое лечение детей с пилонидальными кистами</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8646-189X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6810-0334</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnov</surname><given-names>Aleksei N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнов</surname><given-names>Алексей Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук</p></bio><email>smirnov-dgkb13@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5512-9894</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4034-4303</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Golovanev</surname><given-names>Maxim A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Голованёв</surname><given-names>Максим Алексеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>aesculap2001@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1744-5474</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9714-2513</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Poverin</surname><given-names>Gennady V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поверин</surname><given-names>Геннадий Викторович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Postgraduate Student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант</p></bio><email>poverin982@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н. И. Пирогова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Filatov Children’s City Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Детская городская клиническая больница им. Н. Ф. Филатова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Republican Children’s Clinical Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Республиканская детская клиническая больница</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2022-09-22" publication-format="electronic"><day>22</day><month>09</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-11-02" publication-format="electronic"><day>02</day><month>11</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>327</fpage><lpage>335</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-11-04"><day>04</day><month>11</month><year>2020</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-09-08"><day>08</day><month>09</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rps-journal.ru/jour/article/view/664">https://rps-journal.ru/jour/article/view/664</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold><italic>BACKGROUND:</italic> </bold>Pilonidal cyst (other names: pilonidal disease and epithelial coccygeal tract) is a common congenital pathology and most often manifested in adolescence.</p> <p><bold><italic>AIM:</italic> </bold>To determine the optimal treatment and diagnostic measures that lead to a reduction in complications and improvement in the quality of life of sick children with pilonidal cysts.</p> <p><bold><italic>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</italic> </bold>Case histories of 310 children with pilonidal cysts who were treated at the N.F. Filatov Children’s City Clinical Hospital (Moscow) and Republican Children’s Clinical Disease in Izhevsk in 2013–2018 were analyzed. The patients (95%) were predominantly adolescents. The patients were divided into four groups: group 1 (<italic>n</italic> = 78), acute inflammation of the cyst; group 2 (<italic>n</italic> = 75), cyst without signs of inflammation; group 3 (<italic>n</italic> = 125), cyst with chronic inflammation; group 4 (<italic>n</italic> = 32), disease relapse. For diagnosis, clinical and ultrasound examination was conducted for uncomplicated cysts. The surgery was performed after fistulography and consisted of cyst excision to the sacral fascia with tight tightening or installation of an aspiration drain. Surgical intervention was preceded by laser treatment in the surgical field.</p> <p><bold><italic>RESULTS:</italic></bold> The severity of infiltration of the surrounding tissues in the postoperative period, depending on the drainage of the wound, was significantly different. More pronounced infiltrative changes were noted in patients with drainage and, accordingly, later terms of wound healing. Following double epilation with a neodymium laser, the frequency of postoperative purulent inflammatory complications was reduced (7.3%). The excision of the pilonidal cyst 1 month after acute inflammation with wound closure and involvement of the sacral fascia without drainage was the most effective.</p> <p><italic><bold>CONCLUSIONS:</bold> </italic>Ultrasound examination is a highly informative method that allows for determining the parameters of uncomplicated cysts. Laser epilation in the preoperative period helps reduce purulent inflammatory complications.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold><italic>Актуальность.</italic> </bold>Пилонидальная киста, или пилонидальная болезнь, эпителиальный копчиковый ход, — распространенная врожденная патология, чаще проявляющаяся в подростковом возрасте.</p> <p><bold><italic>Цель</italic> </bold>— определить оптимальные лечебно-диагностические мероприятия, приводящие к снижению осложнений и улучшению качества жизни детей с пилонидальными кистами.</p> <p><bold><italic>Материалы и методы.</italic></bold> Изучены истории болезни 310 детей с пилонидальными кистами, находившимися на лечении в Детской городской клинической больнице им. Н.Ф. Филатова (Москва) и в Республиканской детской клинической больнице (Ижевск) за 2013–2018 гг. Подавляющее большинство пациентов (95 %) составили подростки. Пациенты были разделены на четыре группы: 1-я группа (<italic>n</italic> = 78) — с острым воспалением кисты; 2-я группа (<italic>n</italic> = 75) — c кистой без признаков воспаления; 3-я группа (<italic>n</italic> = 125) — с хроническим воспалением кисты; 4-я группа (<italic>n</italic> = 32) — с рецидивом заболевания. Диагностика: клиническое и ультразвуковое исследование при неосложненных кистах. Операции проводили после фистулографии, состоящей из иссечения кисты до крестцовой фасции с ушиванием наглухо или установкой аспирационного дренажа. Оперативному вмешательству предшествовала лазерная обработка операционного поля.</p> <p><bold><italic>Результаты.</italic></bold> Выявлена достоверная разница выраженности инфильтрации окружающих тканей в послеоперационном периоде в зависимости от дренирования раны. Более выраженные инфильтративные изменения были у пациентов с дренированием, и соответственно более поздние сроки заживления раны. За счет двукратной эпиляции неодимовым лазером снижается частота послеоперационных гнойно-воспалительных осложнений (7,3 %). Наиболее эффективным считается иссечение пилонидальной кисты через 1 мес. после острого воспаления с ушиванием раны и вовлечением в шов крестцовой фасции без ее дренирования.</p> <p><bold><italic>Заключение.</italic> </bold>Ультразвуковое исследование — высокоинформативный метод, позволяющий при неосложненных кистах определить ее параметры. Лазерная эпиляция в предоперационном периоде способствует снижению гнойно-воспалительных осложнений.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>coloproctology</kwd><kwd>pilonidal cyst</kwd><kwd>diagnosis</kwd><kwd>surgical treatment</kwd><kwd>laser treatment</kwd><kwd>children</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>колопроктология</kwd><kwd>пилонидальная киста</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd><kwd>оперативное лечение</kwd><kwd>обработка лазером</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rivkin VL. Pilonidal cyst, rudimentary rest of the tail, the reason of sacrococcygeal purulence. Science and World. 2015;(9–1):127–128. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ривкин В.Л. Эпителиальный копчиковый ход — рудиментарный остаток хвоста, причина крестцово-копчиковых нагноений // Наука и мир. 2015. № 9–1. 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