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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Anesthesia and Intensive Care</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Anesthesia and Intensive Care</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский вестник детской хирургии, анестезиологии и реаниматологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2219-4061</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-6554</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1993</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/psaic1993</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">JFFTWC</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Biomarkers of neonatal sepsis in children with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome: review</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Биомаркеры неонатального сепсиса у детей с синдромом полиорганной недостаточности: обзор литературы</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>多器官功能不全综合征患儿新生儿脓毒症的生物标志物：文献综述</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7522-9094</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4406-2065</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Golomidov</surname><given-names>Alexandr V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Голомидов</surname><given-names>Александр Владимирович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Golomidov</surname><given-names>Alexandr V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><email>golomidov.oritn@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8370-3083</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2316-2287</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Grigoriev</surname><given-names>Evgeny V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Григорьев</surname><given-names>Евгений Валерьевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Grigoriev</surname><given-names>Evgeny V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор, чл.-корр. РАН</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences</p></bio><email>grigorievev@hotmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3269-9018</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5854-6890</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mozes</surname><given-names>Vadim G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мозес</surname><given-names>Вадим Гельевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Mozes</surname><given-names>Vadim G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><email>vadimmoses@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">S.V. Belyaev Kuzbass Regional Clinical Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Кузбасская областная клиническая больница им. С.В. Беляева</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">S.V. Belyaev Kuzbass Regional Clinical Hospital</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kemerovo State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Кемеровский государственный университет</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Kemerovo State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-07-24" publication-format="electronic"><day>24</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>257</fpage><lpage>270</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-01-26"><day>26</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-06-13"><day>13</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2026,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://eco-vector.com/for_authors.php#07</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rps-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1993">https://rps-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1993</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Neonatal sepsis is a life-threatening condition with a high mortality rate, despite significant advances in perinatology and neonatology. The clinical signs of sepsis in newborns are nonspecific and can mimic a wide range of non-infectious pathologies, making early diagnosis challenging. The aim of this review was to analyze current data on laboratory markers of neonatal sepsis. A search was conducted in the PubMed database using the keywords neonatal sepsis, biomarker, prognosis. The search yielded 66 publications, an additional 9 publications were retrieved from the eLibrary database using the keywords биомаркеры (biomarkers), сепсис (sepsis), прогноз (prognosis). The search period was 5 years (2020–2025), in accordance with PRISMA 2020 guidelines. A review of the current literature confirms that no single laboratory marker, whether classical (C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, interleukin-6) or novel (presepsin, CD64, serum amyloid A, sTREM-1), is ideal due to limited specificity, the influence of non-infectious factors, and variability with gestational age. The most promising approach to diagnosing neonatal sepsis is a combined approach that includes simultaneous measurement of several biomarkers alongside clinical data. Artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies, which can analyze multidimensional data, predict sepsis at a preclinical stage, and create personalized diagnostic algorithms, show particular promise. Further research should therefore focus on developing integrated diagnostic systems to improve the accuracy, speed, and efficacy of sepsis detection in newborns.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Неонатальный сепсис в настоящее время является жизнеугрожающим состоянием с высокой летальностью, несмотря на значительные достижения перинатологии и неонатологии. Клинические признаки сепсиса у новорождённых неспецифичны и могут имитировать широкий спектр неинфекционных заболеваний, что делает крайне актуальным поиск эффективных методов ранней диагностики. Целью обзора был анализ современных данных о лабораторных маркерах неонатального сепсиса. Проанализированы результаты поиска в информационной базе PubMed. Слова для поиска: neonatal sepsis, biomarker, prognosis. Критериям поиска соответствовали 66 публикаций, ещё 9 публикаций взяты из других источников (база eLibrary, ключевые слова: биомаркеры, сепсис, прогноз). Глубина поиска — 5 лет (2020–2025 гг.) по стандартам PRISMA 2020. Обзор современных исследований подтверждает, что ни один из существующих лабораторных маркеров, будь то классические (С-реактивный белок, прокальцитонин, интерлейкин 6) или новые (пресепсин, CD64, сывороточный амилоид А, sTREM-1), не является идеальным в силу недостаточной специфичности, влияния неинфекционных факторов и вариабельности в зависимости от гестационного возраста. Наиболее перспективным направлением диагностики неонатального сепсиса признаётся комбинированный подход, включающий одновременную оценку нескольких биомаркеров в сочетании с клиническими данными. Особый потенциал демонстрируют технологии искусственного интеллекта и машинного обучения, способные анализировать многомерные данные, прогнозировать развитие сепсиса на доклинической стадии и создавать персонализированные алгоритмы диагностики. Таким образом, дальнейшие исследования должны быть направлены на разработку интегрированных диагностических систем, которые позволят повысить точность, скорость и эффективность выявления сепсиса у новорождённых.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p>新生儿脓毒症目前仍是具有高致死率的危及生命的状态，尽管围产学和新生儿学取得了显著成就。新生儿脓毒症的临床表现非特异性，可模仿多种非感染性疾病，这使得寻找有效的早期诊断方法极为迫切。本综述旨在分析关于新生儿脓毒症实验室标志物的现代数据。分析了 PubMed 数据库中的检索结果。检索词：neonatal sepsis, biomarker, prognosis。符合检索标准的出版物有66篇，另有9篇出版物取自其他来源（eLibrary 数据库，关键词：生物标志物、脓毒症、预后）。检索深度为5年（2020-2025年），遵循 PRISMA 2020 标准。对现代研究的综述证实，现有实验室标记物（无论是经典的如 C 反应蛋白、降钙素原、白细胞介素 6，还是新的如 presepsin、CD64、血清淀粉样蛋白 A、sTREM-1）均非理想，原因在于特异性不足、受非感染因素影响以及随胎龄的变异性。新生儿脓毒症诊断的最有前景方向被认为是一种组合方法，即同时评估多个生物标志物并结合临床数据。人工智能和机器学习技术展现出特殊潜力，能够分析多维数据、预测脓毒症在临床前阶段的发展并创建个性化诊断算法。因此，进一步研究应致力于开发集成的诊断系统，以提高新生儿脓毒症检测的准确性、速度和效率。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>neonatal sepsis</kwd><kwd>biomarkers</kwd><kwd>artificial intelligence</kwd><kwd>review</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>неонатальный сепсис</kwd><kwd>биомаркеры</kwd><kwd>искусственный интеллект</kwd><kwd>обзорная статья</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>新生儿脓毒症</kwd><kwd>生物标志物</kwd><kwd>人工智能</kwd><kwd>综述文章</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Strunk T, Molloy EJ, Mishra A, Bhutta ZA. 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