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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Anesthesia and Intensive Care</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Anesthesia and Intensive Care</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский вестник детской хирургии, анестезиологии и реаниматологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2219-4061</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-6554</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1877</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/psaic1877</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Case reports</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Клинические случаи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Robot-assisted appendiceal interposition in a child with a long ureteral stricture: A case report and literature review</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Робот-ассистированная интерпозиция аппендикса у ребенка с протяженной стриктурой мочеточника: клиническое наблюдение и обзор литературы</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>患儿长段输尿管狭窄的机器人辅助手术阑尾替代术：病例报告与文献综述</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2313-897X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3682-0832</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozlov</surname><given-names>Yury A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козлов</surname><given-names>Юрий Андреевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Kozlov</surname><given-names>Yury A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор, чл.-кор. РАН</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences</p></bio><email>yuriherz@hotmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7922-7600</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4012-7120</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rozhanski</surname><given-names>Alexander P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рожанский</surname><given-names>Александр Павлович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Rozhanski</surname><given-names>Alexander P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD</p></bio><email>alexanderozhanski@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7042-6646</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Poloyan</surname><given-names>Simon S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полоян</surname><given-names>Симон Степанович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Poloyan</surname><given-names>Simon S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD</p></bio><email>simonpoloyan@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5470-7384</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sapukhin</surname><given-names>Eduard V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сапухин</surname><given-names>Эдуард Владимирович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Sapukhin</surname><given-names>Eduard V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD</p></bio><email>sapukhin@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1911-4468</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Strashinsky</surname><given-names>Alexey S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Страшинский</surname><given-names>Алексей Сергеевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Strashinsky</surname><given-names>Alexey S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD</p></bio><email>leksus-642@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8295-6687</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4600-4071</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarochkina</surname><given-names>Marina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макарочкина</surname><given-names>Марина Валериевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Makarochkina</surname><given-names>Marina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD</p></bio><email>m.makarochkina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9767-0454</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Marchuk</surname><given-names>Andrey A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Марчук</surname><given-names>Андрей Алексеевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Marchuk</surname><given-names>Andrey A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD</p></bio><email>maa-ped20@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0842-752X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozlova</surname><given-names>Anna G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козлова</surname><given-names>Анна Геннадьевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Kozlova</surname><given-names>Anna G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>kozaa38@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Irkutsk State Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Иркутская государственная областная детская клиническая больница</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Irkutsk State Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Irkutsk State Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Иркутская государственная медицинская академия последипломного образования</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Irkutsk State Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Irkutsk State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Иркутский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Irkutsk State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-04-23" publication-format="electronic"><day>23</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>79</fpage><lpage>90</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-12-18"><day>18</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-02-27"><day>27</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2025,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rps-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1877">https://rps-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1877</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Long ureteral strictures represent a significant surgical challenge, particularly when they are not amenable to endoscopic management and require reconstructive intervention. This article presents a clinical case of robot-assisted ureteral substitution using the appendix in a child with an extended ureteral stricture, along with a review of various robotic techniques for ureteral reconstruction. A 10-year-old boy with a right-sided nephrostomy catheter was admitted to the Irkutsk Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital. Imaging revealed a ureteral stricture approximately 4 cm in length, which developed following a previously unsuccessful ureterolithotomy. The procedure was performed using a robot-assisted laparoscopic approach. The appendix was mobilized and interposed into the defect resulting from excision of the fibrotic ureteral segment. The appendix was mobilized into the bed of the resected ureteral segment and positioned in an isoperistaltic orientation. The tip of the appendix was resected. Under direct vision and using an antegrade approach, a double-J stent was inserted through the appendix, with one end placed in the renal pelvis and the other in the bladder. Two anastomoses were constructed: a pyeloappendicostomy between the renal pelvis and the appendix, and an appendicoureterostomy between the appendix and the distal ureter. The total operative time was 385 minutes, including 15 minutes for robot docking and 370 minutes of console time. The procedure was performed entirely intracorporeally, without the need for redocking. No intraoperative complications occurred. The postoperative course was uneventful. The drain was removed on postoperative day 2 following a control ultrasound. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 8, and the ureteral stent was removed 4 weeks after surgery. An antegrade nephrostogram performed one month postoperatively confirmed ureteral patency up to the bladder. Robot-assisted laparoscopic appendiceal interposition for long ureteral strictures appears to be a safe and feasible surgical option.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Протяженные стриктуры мочеточника представляют собой серьезную хирургическую проблему особенно в тех случаях, когда они не поддаются эндоскопическому лечению и требуют реконструктивной операции. В статье описано наблюдение робот-ассистированного замещения мочеточника при его протяженной стриктуре аппендиксом, а также представлен обзор различных хирургических методов роботического восстановления стриктур мочеточника. В Иркутскую государственную областную детскую клиническую больницу поступил мальчик в возрасте 10 лет с нефростомическим катетером с правой стороны. В результате обследования диагностирована протяженная стриктура мочеточника длиной около 4 см, которая возникла после проведенной ранее неудачной уретеролитотомии. В клинике оперативное вмешательство было выполнено с применением робот-ассистированной техники. В процессе операции использовалась интерпозиция аппендикса в дефект, образовавшийся после иссечения участка рубцово-измененного мочеточника. Аппендикс перемещали в ложе удаленного сегмента мочеточника и размещали в этой позиции изоперистальтическим способом. Верхушку червеобразного отростка отсекали. Под прямым зрением с помощью антеградной техники через аппендикс проводили двойной J-стент, один конец которого размещали в лоханке почки, а другой — в мочевом пузыре. Далее выполняли конструирование двух анастомозов. Первый — между лоханкой и аппендиксом (пиелоаппендикостомия), второй — между аппендиксом и дистальной частью мочеточника (аппендикоуретеростомия). Общее время операции составило 385 мин, из них время инсталляции робота — 15 мин, основное консольное время — 370 мин. Вся процедура проведена полностью интракорпорально и без необходимости повторной стыковки робота. Процедура выполнена без интраоперационных трудностей. Послеоперационный период протекал без осложнений. Дренажная трубка удалена на 2-е сутки после контрольного ультразвукового исследования. Пациент выписан из отделения на 8-й день, а мочеточниковый стент удален через 4 нед. после операции. Антеградная нефростограмма, выполненная через месяц после операции, подтвердила проходимость мочеточника вплоть до мочевого пузыря. Робот-ассистированная лапароскопическая интерпозиция червеобразного отростка при протяженной стриктуре мочеточника является безопасным и осуществимым хирургическим подходом.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p>长段输尿管狭窄在无法通过内镜治疗、需行重建手术的情况下，构成显著的外科挑战。本文报告一例采用机器人辅助手术以阑尾替代狭窄输尿管的临床病例，并综述了机器人技术在输尿管狭窄修复中的多种手术方法。 患儿为10岁男童，入院时右侧留置肾造瘘管。检查显示输尿管存在约4厘米长的狭窄段，系既往输尿管切开取石术失败所致。在 Irkutsk Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital，手术采用机器人辅助技术进行。术中切除瘢痕狭窄的输尿管段后，将阑尾植入所形成的缺损区，以进行替代修复。阑尾被移入切除输尿管段后形成的腔隙中，并以顺蠕动方向安置在该位置。切除阑尾尖端后，在直视下采用顺行技术经阑尾置入双J管，一端置入肾盂，另一端置入膀胱。随后构建两个吻合口：其一为肾盂-阑尾吻合（肾盂-阑尾吻合术），其二为阑尾-远端输尿管吻合 （阑尾-输尿管吻合术）。手术总时长为385分钟，其中机器人安装用时15分钟，控制台操作时间为370分钟。整个手术完全在体内完成，无需重新对接机器人系统，术中未出现并发症。术后恢复顺利，第2天超声检查正常后移除引流管，第8天出院，第4周移除输尿管支架。术后1个月行顺行肾造影，证实输尿管至膀胱通畅。机器人辅助腹腔镜下阑尾替代术是一种治疗长段输尿管狭窄安全且可行的微创手术方案。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>robot-assisted surgery</kwd><kwd>ureteral stricture</kwd><kwd>ureteroplasty</kwd><kwd>appendiceal interposition</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>case report</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>робот-ассистированная хирургия</kwd><kwd>стриктура мочеточника</kwd><kwd>уретеропластика</kwd><kwd>аппендикулярная пластика</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>клинический случай</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>机器人辅助手术</kwd><kwd>输尿管狭窄</kwd><kwd>输尿管成形术</kwd><kwd>阑尾替代术</kwd><kwd>儿童</kwd><kwd>临床病例</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Elbers JR, Rodríguez Socarrás M, Rivas JG, et al. 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