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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Anesthesia and Intensive Care</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Anesthesia and Intensive Care</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский вестник детской хирургии, анестезиологии и реаниматологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2219-4061</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-6554</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1856</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/psaic1856</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Study Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Relationship between the cause of obstruction in congenital hydronephrosis and changes in dilation of the fetal renal pelvis over time</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Взаимосвязь темпов развития гидронефроза у плода с причиной обструкции</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>先天性肾积水中梗阻原因与胎儿肾盂扩张动态之间的相关性</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7153-0074</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2659-6290</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Konova</surname><given-names>Anna V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Конова</surname><given-names>Анна В.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Konova</surname><given-names>Anna V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>konova.nyuta@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">J.S. Berzon Krasnoyarsk Interdistrict Clinical Hospital No. 20</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Красноярская межрайонная клиническая больница № 20 им. И.С. Берзона</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">J.S. Berzon Krasnoyarsk Interdistrict Clinical Hospital No. 20</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2024-12-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-10-19" publication-format="electronic"><day>19</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>511</fpage><lpage>521</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-10-31"><day>31</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-12-11"><day>11</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2024,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rps-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1856">https://rps-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1856</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND:</bold> Despite the implementation of intrauterine and postnatal ultrasound screenings, a significant number of cases of congenital hydronephrosis are detected in children of preschool age and older. It means that the period of development of hydronephrotic transformation varies in patients. This makes relevant the study of the relationship between the cause of obstruction and the rate of the renal pelvis dilation.</p> <p><bold>AIM:</bold><italic> </italic>To determine the dynamics of the increase in the size of the renal pelvis in fetuses and infants with different causes of congenital hydronephrosis.</p> <p><bold>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</bold> A retrospective analysis covered 134 protocols of intrauterine ultrasound examinations and 74 postnatal preoperative ultrasound examinations of the kidneys of children who underwent surgery for various causes of congenital hydronephrosis. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to assess the statistical significance of the studied variables. A correlation and regression analysis of the relationship between the cause of obstruction and the rate of dilation of the fetal renal pelvis was performed using the Pearson correlation coefficient. The strength of the relationship between the studied features was assessed using the Chaddock scale.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS: </bold>A correlation and regression analysis of the dependence between the fetal renal pelvis size and an increase in the gestational age by a week (within the range of 20.5–32.5 weeks) revealed the following patterns: in fetuses with stricture of the ureteropelvic junction, the pelvis of the affected kidney increased by 0.6 mm per week; in fetuses with obstruction by an aberrant blood vessel, by 0.35 mm per week; in fetuses with embryonic adhesions, by 0.2 mm per week; in fetuses with a high ureteral origin, by 0.23 mm per week.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSIONS:</bold> During the 2nd and 3rd intrauterine screening, the probability of prenatal diagnosis of fetal pyelectasis due to adhesions in the ureteropelvic junction and high ureteral origin is significantly lower than in case of stricture and obstruction by an aberrant blood vessel. Changes over time in dilation of the fetal renal cavity system and its size help suggest the cause of obstruction of the ureteropelvic junction and pre-estimate the fetal renal pelvis size at the time of delivery; if advanced stage hydronephrosis is expected, this allows choosing an institution for delivery to provide percutaneous nephrostomy for the newborn.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Актуальность. </bold>Несмотря на проведение внутриутробных и постнатальных ультразвуковых скринингов, существует немалое количество случаев выявления врожденного гидронефроза в дошкольном возрасте и старше. Из этого следует, что период развития гидронефротической трансформации у разных пациентов не одинаковый. Таким образом, изучение взаимосвязи причины обструкции с темпами увеличения лоханки является актуальным.</p> <p><bold>Цель</bold> — определить динамику увеличения размеров лоханки плодов и младенцев при разных причинах развития врожденного гидронефроза.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Проведен ретроспективный анализ 134 протоколов внутриутробного и 74 постнатального дооперационного ультразвукового исследования почек детей, прооперированных с разными причинами развития врожденного гидронефроза. Для оценки статистической значимости изучаемых переменных применяли критерий Вилкоксона. Корреляционно-регрессионный анализ взаимосвязи причины обструкции с темпами увеличения лоханки плода выполнен с использованием коэффициента корреляции Пирсона. Степень силы взаимосвязи исследуемых признаков оценена по шкале Чеддока.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> При проведении корреляционно-регрессионного анализа зависимости размеров лоханки плода, с увеличением его гестационного возраста на неделю, в интервале 20,5–32,5 нед., выявлены следующие закономерности: у плодов со стриктурой пиелоуретерального сегмента лоханка больной почки увеличивается на 0,6 мм в неделю; у плодов с вазоуретеральным конфликтом — на 0,35 мм в неделю; у плодов с эмбриональными спайками — на 0,2 мм в неделю; у плодов с высоким отхождением мочеточника — на 0,23 мм в неделю.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> В сроки 2-го и 3-го внутриутробного скрининга вероятность пренатальной диагностики пиелоэктазии плода по причине спаек области пиелоуретерального сегмента и высокого отхождения мочеточника значительно ниже, чем при стриктуре и вазоуретеральном конфликте. На основании динамики дилатации полостной системы почки плода и ее размеров можно предположить причину обструкции пиелоуретерального сегмента и предварительно спрогнозировать размер лоханки на момент родов, что в случае ожидания высокой степени гидронефроза позволяет выбрать учреждение для родоразрешения, с возможностью наложения пункционной нефростомы новорожденному.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p><bold>背景。</bold>尽管现代医学已普及产前和产后超声筛查，但仍有相当数量的先天性肾积水病例在 学龄前及更大年龄阶段被诊断出。这表明，不同患者的肾积水形成和进展过程存在显著差异。因此，研究 梗阻原因 与 肾盂扩张速度 之间的关系具有重要意义。</p> <p><bold>研究目的。</bold>确定不同梗阻原因下 胎儿和婴儿肾盂尺寸动态变化 的特点。</p> <p><bold>材料与方法。</bold>样本数据：134例 产前超声检查记录；74例 术前（产后）超声检查记录；数据来自因 不同原因的先天性肾积水 接受手术治疗的患儿。统计分析：使用 Wilcoxon检验 评估研究变量的统计学显著性；使用 皮尔逊相关系数 进行回归分析；根据 Chaddock量表 评估相关性强度。</p> <p><bold>结果。</bold>在 20.5至32.5孕周 范围内，不同梗阻原因导致的 胎儿肾盂扩张速度 如下：肾盂输尿管连接部狭窄：肾盂每周扩张 0.6毫米；输尿管血管冲突：肾盂每周扩张 0.35毫米；胚胎期粘连：肾盂每周扩张 0.2毫米；输尿管高位起源：肾盂每周扩张 0.22毫米。</p> <p><bold>结论。</bold>诊断概率差异：在第二和第三次产前筛查期间，肾盂输尿管连接部粘连 或 输尿管高位起源 引起的 肾盂扩张（肾盂积水） 的诊断概率显著低于 肾盂输尿管连接部狭窄 或 输尿管血管冲突。 动态推测：根据胎儿肾盂系统的扩张速度和尺寸，可以推测 肾盂输尿管连接部梗阻 的具体原因；初步预测新生儿出生时的肾盂尺寸。临床建议：如果预期高程度的肾积水，建议选择具备 新生儿穿刺肾造口术 能力的分娩机构，以便及时干预。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hydronephrosis</kwd><kwd>renal pelvis</kwd><kwd>kidney</kwd><kwd>fetus</kwd><kwd>pyelectasis</kwd><kwd>ultrasound examination</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гидронефроз</kwd><kwd>лоханка</kwd><kwd>почка</kwd><kwd>плод</kwd><kwd>пиелоэктазия</kwd><kwd>ультразвуковое исследование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>肾积水</kwd><kwd>肾盂</kwd><kwd>肾脏</kwd><kwd>胎儿</kwd><kwd>肾盂积水</kwd><kwd>超声检查</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Safdar A, Singh K, Sun RC, Nassr AA. 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