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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Anesthesia and Intensive Care</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Anesthesia and Intensive Care</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский вестник детской хирургии, анестезиологии и реаниматологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2219-4061</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-6554</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1774</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/psaic1774</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Metaverse: a new reality in surgery. Review</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Метавселенная — новая реальность в хирургии. Обзор литературы</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>元宇宙--外科手术的新现实。 文献综述</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2313-897X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3682-0832</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozlov</surname><given-names>Yury A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козлов</surname><given-names>Юрий Андреевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Kozlov</surname><given-names>Yury A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Medicine), corresponding member of Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, чл.-корр. РАН, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Dr. Sci. (Medicine), corresponding member of Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor</p></bio><email>yuriherz@hotmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Children’s Regional Clinical Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Детская областная клиническая больница</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Children’s Regional Clinical Hospital</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Irkutsk State Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Иркутская государственная медицинская академия последипломного образования</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Irkutsk State Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Irkutsk State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Иркутский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Irkutsk State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-04-11" publication-format="electronic"><day>11</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>69</fpage><lpage>81</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-01-12"><day>12</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-03-04"><day>04</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2024,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rps-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1774">https://rps-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1774</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The metaverse is a relatively new concept in technological advancement. It is a three-dimensional immersive environment including real and virtual world elements, in which various digital agents, more precisely, avatars, interact with each other and various activities (educational, cultural, and financial) can be carried out. It is an emerging controversial concept without precise definition and will likely continue to evolve as technology improves. Works of literature from 2020 to 2023, posted in the PubMed and Web of Science databases, were extracted using the following keywords: “metaverse”, “education”, “digital therapy”, “interdisciplinary consultation”, “medical Internet of things”, “virtual reality”, “superimposed reality”, “extended reality”, “mixed reality”, “lifelogging”, “mirror world”, “digital twins”, and “surgery”. In the PubMed search using the original terms, no publications were extracted in 2020, 9 in 2021, 161 in 2022, and 246 in 2023. In the healthcare context, metaverse technology refers to the use of virtual reality and interactive and other immersive technologies, such as augmented reality, to create simulated environments intended for training, education, and clinical applications. Various aspects of medicine such as digital therapeutics, multidisciplinary team discussions, medical Internet of things, surgical simulations, conferences and meetings, research programs, etc., are being explored. Depending on the requirements, the metaverse provides a versatile platform that can be modeled accordingly, providing a flexible tool for medical development. In this review, we discussed in detail the possible applications of the metaverse in surgery. All scoping rubrics are based on the sparse evidence in the scientific literature and are adequately evaluated to provide compelling evidence on the utility of the metaverse in the future of medicine.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Метавселенная — это относительно новая концепция технологического прогресса. Она понимается как трехмерная иммерсивная среда, включающая в себя элементы реального и виртуального мира, в которой различные виртуальные образы (точнее, аватары, в смысле цифровые двойники) взаимодействуют между собой и в которой могут осуществляться различные виды деятельности (образовательные, культурные, финансовые). Это зарождающаяся, неоднозначная концепция, для которой не существует точного определения и которая, вероятно, будет продолжать развиваться по мере совершенствования технологий. Нами была проанализирована литература с 2020 по 2023 гг., размещенная в базах данных PubMed и Web of Science по ключевым словам «метавселенная», «образование», «цифровая терапия», «междисциплинарное консультирование», «медицинский интернет вещей», «виртуальная реальность», «наложенная реальность», «расширенная реальность», «смешанная реальность», «лайфлоггинг», «зеркальный мир», «цифровые двойники», «хирургия». Выполнив поиск в PubMed по исходным терминам, в 2020 г. не было обнаружено ни одной публикации, в 2021 г. — 9, в 2022 г. эта цифра выросла до 161, а к 2023 г. по этой теме было опубликовано уже 246 статей. В контексте здравоохранения технология метавселенной означает использование виртуальной реальности, интерактивных и других иммерсивных технологий, таких как дополненная реальность, для создания моделируемых сред, предназначенных для обучения, образования и клинического применения. Различные аспекты, такие как цифровая технология в лечении, медицинский интернет вещей, хирургическое моделирование и многое другое, находятся сейчас в стадии исследования в области медицины. В зависимости от требований метавселенная представляет собой универсальную платформу, которую можно соответствующим образом моделировать, обеспечивая тем самым гибкий инструмент для развития медицины. В этой обзорной статье мы подробно обсудили возможные области применения метавселенной в хирургии. Все рубрики обзора основаны на немногочисленных данных, существующих в настоящее время в научной литературе, и являются удовлетворительными с точки зрения изучения с тем, чтобы представить убедительные доказательства пользы метавселенной и ее использования в качестве жизненно важного инструмента работы в медицине будущего.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p>元宇宙是一个相对较新的技术进步概念。它被理解为一个包含现实世界和虚拟世界元素的三维沉浸式环境，在这个环境中，各种虚拟形象（更确切地说，是数字双胞胎意义上的虚拟化身）可以相互影响，各种活动（教育、文化、金融）也可以在这个环境中进行。我们分析了PubMed和Web of Science数据库中2020年至2023年的文献，关键词为“元宇宙”、“教育”、“数字治疗”、“跨学科咨询”、“医疗物联网”、“虚拟现实”、“叠加现实”、“增强现实”、“混合现实”、“生活日志”、“镜像世界”、 “数字孪生”、“手术”。在PubMed上对来源词进行搜索，发现2020年没有出版物，2021年有9篇， 2022年增加到161篇，到2023年已经有246篇关于该主题的文章发表。在医疗保健领域，元宇宙技术指的是利用虚拟现实、交互和其他沉浸式技术，如增强现实，创建旨在用于教学、教育和临床应用的模拟环境。目前，医学领域正在研究治疗中的数字技术、医疗物联网、手术模拟等各个方面。元宇宙是一个多功能平台，可以根据不同的要求建立相应的模型，从而为医学发展提供灵活的工具。在这篇综述文章中，我们详细讨论了元宇宙在外科手术中的可能应用领域。所有的审查标准都是基于目前科学文献中存在的少量数据，从研究的角度来看是令人满意的，从而为元宇宙的有用性及其作为未来医学工作的重要工具提供了令人信服的证据。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>metaverse</kwd><kwd>medicine</kwd><kwd>surgery</kwd><kwd>review</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>метавселенная</kwd><kwd>медицина</kwd><kwd>хирургия</kwd><kwd>обзорная статья</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>元宇宙</kwd><kwd>医学</kwd><kwd>外科</kwd><kwd>综述文章</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rahaman T. 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