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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Anesthesia and Intensive Care</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Anesthesia and Intensive Care</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский вестник детской хирургии, анестезиологии и реаниматологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2219-4061</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-6554</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1773</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/psaic1773</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Case reports</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Клинические случаи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Robot-assisted laparoscopic ureteroureterostomy in a child with upper urinary tract duplication</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Робот-ассистированная лапароскопическая уретероуретеростомия у ребенка с удвоением верхних мочевых путей</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>机器人辅助腹腔镜输尿管造口术治疗一名患儿上尿路倍增</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2313-897X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3682-0832</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozlov</surname><given-names>Yury A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козлов</surname><given-names>Юрий Андреевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Kozlov</surname><given-names>Yury A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор, чл.-корр. РАН</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences</p></bio><email>yuriherz@hotmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7042-6646</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Poloyan</surname><given-names>Simon S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полоян</surname><given-names>Симон Степанович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Poloyan</surname><given-names>Simon S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>simonpoloyan@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5470-7384</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sapukhin</surname><given-names>Eduard V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сапухин</surname><given-names>Эдуард Владимирович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Sapukhin</surname><given-names>Eduard V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><email>sapukhin@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1911-4468</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Strashinsky</surname><given-names>Aleksey S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Страшинский</surname><given-names>Алексей Сергеевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Strashinsky</surname><given-names>Aleksey S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD</p></bio><email>Leksus-642@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8295-6687</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4600-4071</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarochkina</surname><given-names>Marina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макарочкина</surname><given-names>Марина Валериевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Makarochkina</surname><given-names>Marina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD</p></bio><email>m.makarochkina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9767-0454</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Marchuk</surname><given-names>Andrey A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Марчук</surname><given-names>Андрей Алексеевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Marchuk</surname><given-names>Andrey A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD</p></bio><email>maa-ped20@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7922-7600</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rozhanskii</surname><given-names>Alexander P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рожанский</surname><given-names>Александр Павлович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Rozhanskii</surname><given-names>Alexander P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD</p></bio><email>alexanderozhanski@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9195-5480</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Byrgazov</surname><given-names>Anton A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Быргазов</surname><given-names>Антон Алексеевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Byrgazov</surname><given-names>Anton A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD</p></bio><email>byrgazov.ant-doc38@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4731-7526</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Muravev</surname><given-names>Sergey A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Муравьев</surname><given-names>Сергей Александрович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Muravev</surname><given-names>Sergey A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD</p></bio><email>muravev1999sergey@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1489-5058</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Narkevich</surname><given-names>Artem N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Наркевич</surname><given-names>Артем Николаевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Narkevich</surname><given-names>Artem N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Prifessor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Prifessor</p></bio><email>narkevichart@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Children’s Regional Clinical Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Детская областная клиническая больница</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Children’s Regional Clinical Hospital</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Irkutsk State Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Иркутская государственная медицинская академия последипломного образования</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Irkutsk State Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Irkutsk State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Иркутский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Irkutsk State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">South Ural State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Южно-Уральский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">South Ural State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Красноярский государственный медицинский университет им. проф. В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-07-16" publication-format="electronic"><day>16</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>229</fpage><lpage>240</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-01-12"><day>12</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-05-22"><day>22</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2024,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rps-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1773">https://rps-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1773</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Upper urinary tract duplication remains one of the most challenging pediatric urology conditions. Various operative methods are used in the treatment of children with this pathology; however, reoperation rate remains high. This study aimed to investigate a case of successful robot-assisted laparoscopic ureteroureterostomy and discuss the technical aspects of this procedure and review known series of robotic ureteroureterostomy. The authors retrospectively reviewed the medical history of a child with duplication of the right kidney, accompanied by reflux of urine into the lower segment collecting system. Surgical intervention was performed using robot-assisted technology. Using computed tomography and voiding cystourethrography, duplex kidney with vesicorenal reflux into the lower segment was diagnosed. The surgical technique used was ureteroureterostomy. The donor ureter was divided in the area of the intended anastomosis. Then, a surgical incision was made in the recipient ureter, the length of which was equal to the diameter of the donor ureter. After preparation of the ureters, an end-to-side anastomosis was performed. The operation was successfully performed without intraoperative difficulties or complications and lasted for 140 minutes. The robot installation time (docking time) was 20 minutes, and the main console time was thus 120 minutes. The patient started feeding on the same day after the operation. The drainage tube was removed after a control ultrasound examination on postoperative day 2. The stent remained in the recipient ureter until its removal 6 weeks after surgery. The duration of follow-up was 6 months. The patient was asymptomatic throughout the control period. Repeated ultrasound examination performed after surgery showed a decrease in the anteroposterior diameter of the lower segment pelvis to 5 mm. Blood flow in the upper and lower segments of the right kidney was not impaired. The advantages of the robotic approach, including improved instrument dexterity and 3D visualization, make it a safe and effective alternative to open or laparoscopic surgery in children.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Удвоение верхних мочевых путей по-прежнему остается одной из самых сложных проблем в детской урологии. В лечении детей с этой патологией применяются многочисленные оперативные методы, но до настоящего времени сохраняется высокая частота повторных операций. Целью данного исследования было продемонстрировать случай успешной робот-ассистированной лапароскопической уретероуретеростомии, а также обсудить технические аспекты этой процедуры и выполнить обзор известных серий роботических уретероуретеростомий у детей. Проведен ретроспективный обзор истории болезни ребенка с удвоением правой почки, сопровождающимся рефлюксом мочи в собирательную систему нижнего сегмента. Хирургическое вмешательство было выполнено с помощью робот-ассистированной техники. Используя компьютерную томографию и микционную цистроуретрографию был установлен диагноз удвоения верхних мочевых путей правой почки с везикоренальным рефлюксом в нижний сегмент. В качестве хирургической техники использована уретероуретеростомия. Донорский мочеточник пересекали в области предполагаемого анастомоза. Далее выполняли уретеротомию реципиентного мочеточника, длина которого должна быть равна диаметру донорского мочеточника. После подготовки мочеточников накладывали анастомоз «конец в бок». Операция выполнена без технических трудностей и осложнений. Продолжительность операции составила 140 мин, из них длительность инсталляции робота (время докинга) — 20 мин, основное консольное время — 120 мин. Кормление пациента начато в тот же день после операции. Дренажная трубка удалена после контрольного ультразвукового исследования на вторые сутки. Стент оставался в мочеточнике-реципиенте до его удаления через 6 нед. после операции. Продолжительность наблюдения составила 6 мес. Пациент на протяжении всего времени контроля бессимптомен. Повторное ультразвуковое исследование, выполненное после операции, продемонстрировало уменьшение переднезаднего диаметра лоханки нижнего сегмента до 5 мм. Кровоток в верхнем и нижнем сегментах правой почки не нарушен. Преимущества, обеспечиваемые роботизированным подходом, включая улучшенную маневренность инструментов и трехмерную визуализацию, позволяют использовать его в качестве безопасной и эффективной альтернативы открытой или лапароскопической операции у детей.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p>上尿路倍增仍然是儿科泌尿外科最棘手的问题之一。在治疗患有这种病症的儿童时，已经使用了许多手术方法，但迄今为止，重复手术的发生率仍然很高。本研究旨在展示一例成功的机器人辅助腹腔镜输尿管造口术，讨论该手术的技术问题，并回顾已知的一系列儿童机器人输尿管造口术。本研究对一名右肾倍增并伴有尿液反流至下段集合系统的患儿的病史进行了回顾性分析。手术采用机器人辅助技术进行。利用计算机断层扫描和排尿膀胱尿道造影，确定了右肾上尿路倍增伴膀胱尿液反流至下段的诊断。手术采用了输尿管造口术。供体输尿管在拟吻合区域内交叉。然后对受体输尿管进行输尿管切开术，其长度应与供体输尿管的直径相等。准备好输尿管后，进行端侧吻合。手术顺利进行，没有出现任何技术问题和并发症。手术时间为140分钟，其中机器人安装时间（对接时间）为20分钟，主控台时间为120分钟。患者在术后当天就开始进食。第二天进行对照超声检查后拔除引流管。支架一直留在受体输尿管中，直到术后6周才被取出。随访时间为6个月。患者在整个随访期间均无症状。术后反复进行的超声波检查显示，下段肾盂的前胸直径减小到5毫米。右肾上下段的血流未受干扰。机器人手术方法的优势，包括改善工具的可操作性和三维可视化，使其成为儿童开腹手术或腹腔镜手术的安全有效的替代方案。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>robot-assisted surgery</kwd><kwd>duplex kidney</kwd><kwd>ureteroureterostomy</kwd><kwd>children</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>робот-ассистированная хирургия</kwd><kwd>удвоение почек</kwd><kwd>уретероуретеростомия</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>机器人辅助手术</kwd><kwd>肾脏加倍</kwd><kwd>输尿管造口术</kwd><kwd>儿童</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ellison JS, Lendvay TS. 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