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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Anesthesia and Intensive Care</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Anesthesia and Intensive Care</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский вестник детской хирургии, анестезиологии и реаниматологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2219-4061</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-6554</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1573</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/psaic1573</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Case reports</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Клинические случаи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Craniofacial wound from a traumatic pistol injury in a 3-year-old child</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Черепно-лицевое ранение из травматического пистолета у ребенка 3 лет</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>临床病例一名3岁儿童因外伤性枪支造成颅颌面损伤</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5403-313X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9100-6976</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Petlakh</surname><given-names>Vladimir I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петлах</surname><given-names>Владимир Ильич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Petlakh</surname><given-names>Vladimir I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><email>vladimirip1@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0795-6921</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorchakov</surname><given-names>Sergei A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горчаков</surname><given-names>Сергей Александрович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Gorchakov</surname><given-names>Sergei A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><email>sagorchakov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8662-2050</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Divilina</surname><given-names>Yulia V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дивилина</surname><given-names>Юлия Вячеславовна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Divilina</surname><given-names>Yulia V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>divo74@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Veltishchev Research Institute of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery, Pirogov Russian National Recech Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский клинический институт педиатрии и детской хирургии им. акад. Ю.Е. Вельтищева, Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Veltishchev Research Institute of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery, Pirogov Russian National Recech Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">G.N. Speransky Children’s Hospital No. 9</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Детская городская клиническая больница им. Г.Н. Сперанского</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">G.N. Speransky Children’s Hospital No. 9</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2023-12-19" publication-format="electronic"><day>19</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-12-20" publication-format="electronic"><day>20</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>599</fpage><lpage>608</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-11-18"><day>18</day><month>11</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-12-06"><day>06</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2023,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rps-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1573">https://rps-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1573</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>With the advent of traumatic self-defense weapons among Russian civilians (weapons of limited destruction and nonlethal kinetic weapons), several studies on injuries among the adult population have been published in the medical literature. Skull injuries are the most severe, often fatal, injuries. To date, there are only isolated descriptions of such injuries in children.</p> <p>Description of the observation. According to the parents, the 3-year-old boy shot himself in the face with an Osa-4 pistol at home. He did not lose consciousness, and the bleeding was light. He was admitted to the central district hospital, from where he was evacuated by an ambulance team to Children’s City Clinical Hospital No. 9 named after. G.N. Speransky, Moscow. Upon admission, the patient was in a serious condition, conscious, and lethargic, reacted negatively to examination, and had 14 points on the Glasgow coma scale, and his hemodynamics was stable. Local status: In the upper part of the dorsum of the nose, a bullet entry hole was observed in the form of a bruised wound of irregular shape, pronounced swelling in the area of the left orbit, and hematoma of the upper eyelid. X-ray images of the skull showed a shadow of a foreign body (bullet) in the projection of the left orbit and ethmoidal labyrinth. The location and extent of damage were clarified by computed tomography. Under endotracheal anesthesia, a supraorbital trans-eyebrow approach on the left with layer-by-layer tissue dissection along the wound canal exposed a part of the bullet, wedged into the medial wall of the orbit and cells of the ethmoid bone. The bullet was removed, and bone fragments and layer-by-layer sutures were removed. Diagnosis: Gunshot causing a blind craniofacial non-penetrating wound in the dorsum of the nose and left orbit, multiple comminuted fractures of the ethmoid bones and superior and medial walls of the left orbit, contusion of the basal parts of the left frontal region of the brain, blunt trauma OS stage 2, local contusion, and retinal hemorrhage The postoperative period passed without complications. The child received a combination of antibacterial and restorative therapy. Vision was preserved, no neurological disorders were detected, and the cosmetic result was good. The patient was discharged in satisfactory condition under the supervision of an ophthalmologist, neurologist, and maxillofacial surgeon. This observation is presented to demonstrate damage to skull structures from traumatic weapons and will aid in further generalization of the treatment results of this type of wound in children. Prevention of injuries in children from traumatic weapons requires extensive educational work among parents who own these weapons.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>С появлением у гражданского населения России травматического оружия самообороны (оружие ограниченного поражения, нелетальное кинетическое оружие) в медицинской литературе публикуется большое число работ о ранениях среди взрослого населения. Наиболее тяжелыми, нередко с летальным исходом, являются ранения черепа. К настоящему времени есть только единичные описания подобных ранений детей. Приводим описание наблюдения. Со слов родителей 3-летний ребенок дома выстрелил себе в лицо из пистолета «Оса-4». Сознание не терял, кровотечение необильное. Госпитализирован в центральную районную больницу, откуда эвакуирован бригадой скорой медицинской помощи в Детскую городскую клиническую больницу № 9 им. Г.Н. Сперанского (Москва). При поступлении состояние тяжелое, в сознании, заторможен, на осмотр реагирует негативно, 14 баллов по шкале комы Глазго, гемодинамика стабильная. Локальный статус: в верхней части спинки носа входное отверстие пули в виде ушибленной раны неправильной формы, выраженный отек в области левой глазницы, гематома верхнего века. На рентгенограммах черепа: тень инородного тела (пули) в проекции левой орбиты и решетчатого лабиринта. Локализация и степень повреждений уточнены при компьютерной томографии. Под эндотрахеальным наркозом супраорбитальным трансбровным доступом слева с послойной дессекцией тканей по ходу раневого канала обнажена часть пули, вклинившейся в медиальную стенку орбиты и ячейки решетчатой кости. Пуля извлечена, удалены костные отломки, послойные швы. Диагноз: «Огнестрельное слепое непроникающее черепно-лицевое ранение с входным отверстием в области спинки носа и левой орбиты, инородное тело (пуля травматического пистолета) в области левой орбиты и решетчатой кости, множественные многооскольчатые переломы костей решетчатой кости, верхней и медиальной стенок левой орбиты, ушиб базальных отделов вещества левой лобной области головного мозга. Тупая травма OS II степени, локальная контузия и кровоизлияния сетчатки». Послеоперационный период прошел без осложнений. Ребенок получил комплекс антибактериальной и восстановительной терапии. Зрение сохранено, неврологических расстройств не определяется, косметический результат хороший. Выписан в удовлетворительном состоянии под наблюдение окулиста, невролога, челюстно-лицевого хирурга. Наблюдение представлено с целью демонстрации поражения структур черепа от травматического оружия и послужит для дальнейшего обобщения результатов лечения этого вида ранений в детском возрасте. Профилактика ранений травматическим оружием детей требует широкой просветительной работы среди родителей — владельцев этого оружия.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p>随着俄罗斯平民中出现创伤性自卫武器（有限杀伤性武器、非致命动能武器），医学文献中发表了大量关于成年人受伤情况的论文。最严重的往往是致命的颅脑损伤。迄今为止，只有零星的关于儿童此类伤害的描述。</p> <p>观察描述。据家长称，一名3岁儿童在家中用Osa-4手枪朝自己的脸部开枪。他没有失去知觉，出血也不多。他被送往中心区医院住院治疗，随后被救护车送往 G.N.Speransky Children's City Clinical Hospital No.9（莫斯科）。入院时，他的病情严重，意识清醒，昏睡不醒，对检查反应消极，格拉斯哥昏迷量表评分为14分，血流动力学稳定。局部状况：在鼻背上部可见子弹入口为不规则形状的挫伤伤口，呈淤血状，左眼窝明显水肿，上眼睑有血肿。头颅 X 光片显示：左眼眶和迷宫格状突起处有异物（子弹）阴影。计算机断层扫描明确了受伤的位置和程度。在气管内麻醉下，从左侧眶上经眉毛入路，沿伤口通道逐层切除组织，暴露出部分子弹，子弹已切入眼眶内侧壁和格骨细胞。子弹取出，骨头碎片移除，逐层缝合。诊断：鼻背及左眼眶区枪械性盲颅面非穿透性伤，晶格骨、左眼眶上、内侧壁多处多粉碎性骨折，左额脑区基底物质挫伤。钝性OS2t创伤，局部挫伤和视网膜出血。术后没有出现并发症。患儿接受了综合抗菌和修复治疗。视力得以保持，没有发现神经系统疾病，美容效果良好。在眼科医生、神经科医生和颌面外科医生的监督下，患儿康复出院，情况令人满意。</p> <p>结论。本观察结果表明了外伤性武器对颅脑结构造成的损害，并将有助于进一步推广儿童此类伤害的治疗结果。防止儿童遭受创伤性武器伤害需要对拥有这些武器的父母进行广泛的教育。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>nonlethal weapons</kwd><kwd>less-lethal weapons</kwd><kwd>gunshot wounds of the skull</kwd><kwd>craniocerebral injuries</kwd><kwd>neurosurgery</kwd><kwd>head wounds</kwd><kwd>pistol “Osa-4”</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>case report</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нелетальное кинетическое оружие</kwd><kwd>оружие ограниченного поражения</kwd><kwd>огнестрельные ранения черепа</kwd><kwd>черепно-мозговые ранения</kwd><kwd>нейрохирургия</kwd><kwd>раны головы</kwd><kwd>пистолет «Оса-4»</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>клинический случай</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>非致命动能武器</kwd><kwd>有限杀伤性武器</kwd><kwd>颅骨枪伤</kwd><kwd>颅脑损伤</kwd><kwd>神经外科</kwd><kwd>头部创伤</kwd><kwd>Osa-4 手枪</kwd><kwd>儿童</kwd><kwd>临床病例</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abakumov MM, Tsimalaidze LN, Voskresensky OV, Dzhagrayev KR. 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