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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Anesthesia and Intensive Care</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Anesthesia and Intensive Care</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский вестник детской хирургии, анестезиологии и реаниматологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2219-4061</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-6554</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1561</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/psaic1561</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Study Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Business game “High-tech Pediatric Surgery”: Modeling of management decisions in children’s health protection in the Far Eastern Federal District</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Деловая игра «Детская хирургия высоких технологий» — моделирование управленческих решений в охране здоровья детей Дальневосточного федерального округа</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>商业游戏 “高科技儿童外科手术”——远东联邦区儿童医疗保健管理决策建模</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1940-1395</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8779-8960</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Morozov</surname><given-names>Dmitry A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Морозов</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Анатольевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Morozov</surname><given-names>Dmitry A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p></bio><email>damorozov@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9491-967X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2770-3752</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rozinov</surname><given-names>Vladimir M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Розинов</surname><given-names>Владимир Михайлович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Rozinov</surname><given-names>Vladimir M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p></bio><email>rozinov@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8286-3541</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5438-1302</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Suvorov</surname><given-names>Sergey G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суворов</surname><given-names>Сергей Германович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Suvorov</surname><given-names>Sergey G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><email>suvorowww@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4594-7025</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9902-4290</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ampar</surname><given-names>Fatima B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ампар</surname><given-names>Фатима Баталовна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Ampar</surname><given-names>Fatima B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>fatampar@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1515-0989</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Strizhnev</surname><given-names>Sergey V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стрижнёв</surname><given-names>Сергей Викторович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Strizhnev</surname><given-names>Sergey V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>s4041010@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4063-9362</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3875-5040</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vaganov</surname><given-names>Nikolay N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ваганов</surname><given-names>Николай Николаевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Vaganov</surname><given-names>Nikolay N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p></bio><email>nnvaganov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Veltishchev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский клинический институт педиатрии и детской хирургии им. акад. Ю.Е. Вельтищева, Российский научно-исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Veltishchev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Agency for Strategic Initiatives</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Агентство стратегических инициатив по продвижению новых проектов</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Agency for Strategic Initiatives</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Children’s Clinical Hospital, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российская детская клиническая больница, Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Russian Children’s Clinical Hospital, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2023-12-18" publication-format="electronic"><day>18</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-12-20" publication-format="electronic"><day>20</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>459</fpage><lpage>474</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-10-06"><day>06</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-11-29"><day>29</day><month>11</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2023,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rps-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1561">https://rps-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1561</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND</bold><italic>: </italic>The difference in the levels of total infant mortality in certain administrative territorial entities of the country is an acute medical and social problem of domestic healthcare, which indicates the absence of a single standard of accessibility and quality of medical care. This indicator in the Far Eastern Federal District significantly exceeds the corresponding indicators in the Central and Northwestern districts.</p> <p><bold>AIM</bold><italic>:</italic> This study aimed to identify unresolved problems and identify ways to improve the availability and quality of surgical care for children by modeling the process of making administrative and clinical decisions by employees of medical organizations and heads of healthcare in the Far Eastern Federal District in the interests of children in need of specialized, including high-tech, medical care, including medical evacuation.</p> <p><bold>MATERIALS AND METHODS</bold><italic>:</italic> A “business game” with simultaneous implementation of the simulation process in 11 regions of the Far Eastern Federal District was conducted using distributed communication channels and technical capabilities of audiovisual fixation of the opinions of the study participants. A series of five business games on the following profiles were implemented: neonatal surgery, thoracic surgery, neurosurgery, oncology, and combustiology. The scenarios of the games were prepared by the organizers of the study: “Russian Association of Pediatric Surgeons” (LLC) and “Agency for Strategic Initiatives to promote new projects” (ANO). The moderators of the games were leading specialists from specialized federal medical organizations. The game participants were regional teams of the subjects of the Far Eastern Federal District. The observers of the games were representatives of federal legislative and executive authorities and healthcare experts.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS</bold><italic>:</italic> In this study, 9–11 regions of the Far Eastern Federal District participated in a series of five games. The total number of participants in business games ranged from 126 to 151, and the number of connection points was 42–66. The identified problematic issues included organizational (9), personnel (8), transport (7), equipment (7), and financial (6) aspects.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSIONS</bold><italic>:</italic> The ideology of the interregional centers of specialized surgical care for children corresponds to the vision of representatives of the professional community and organizers of territorial healthcare as a promising way to increase the availability and quality of medical care to the pediatric population.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Актуальность</bold>. Острой медицинской и социальной проблемой отечественного здравоохранения является различие уровней общей детской смертности в отдельных административно-территориальных образованиях страны, что указывает на отсутствие единого стандарта доступности и качества медицинской помощи. Данный индикатор в Дальневосточном федеральном округе существенно превышает соответствующие показатели в Центральном и Северо-Западном округах.</p> <p><bold>Цель</bold> — на основе моделирования процесса принятия сотрудниками медицинских организаций и руководителями здравоохранения субъектов Дальневосточного федерального округа административных и клинических решений в интересах детей, нуждающихся в специализированной, в том числе высокотехнологичной, медицинской помощи, включая медицинскую эвакуацию, выявить нерешенные проблемы и определить пути повышения доступности и качества хирургической помощи детям.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы</bold>. Формат «деловой игры» с реализацией имитационного процесса одновременно в 11 регионах Дальневосточного федерального округа, используя распределенные каналы связи и технические возможности аудиовизуальной фиксации мнений участников исследования. Реализована серия из пяти деловых игр по профилям: хирургия новорожденных, торакальная хирургия, нейрохирургия, онкология и комбустиология. Сценарии игр подготовлены организаторами исследования: ООО «Российская ассоциация детских хирургов» и АНО «Агентство стратегических инициатив по продвижению новых проектов». Модераторами игр являлись ведущие специалисты профильных федеральных медицинских организаций. Участники игр — региональные команды субъектов Дальневосточного федерального округа. Наблюдатели игр — представители федеральных органов законодательной и исполнительной власти, эксперты в области здравоохранения.</p> <p><bold>Результаты</bold>. В серии из пяти деловых игр принимали участие от 9 до 11 регионов Дальневосточного федерального округа. Общее число участников варьировало от 126 до 151, количество точек подключения — 42–66. Выявленные проблемные вопросы включали организационные (9), кадровые (8), транспортные (7), оснащения (7) и финансовые (6) аспекты.</p> <p><bold>Заключение</bold>. Идеология межрегиональных центров специализированной хирургической помощи детям соответствует видению представителей профессионального сообщества и организаторов территориального здравоохранения как перспективный путь повышения доступности и качества медицинской помощи детскому населению.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p><bold>论证</bold>。国家卫生保健方面的一个突出的医疗和社会问题是国内各行政区域实体的儿童总死亡率存在差异，这表明缺乏统一的医疗服务可及性和质量标准。远东联邦区的这一指标大大超过了中部和西北部地区的相应指标。</p> <p><bold>目的</bold>。本研究旨在通过模拟远东联邦区各主体医疗机构工作人员和医疗保健管理人员的行政和临床决策过程，为需要专业（包括高科技）医疗保健（包括医疗转运）的儿童，找出尚未解决的问题，并确定改善儿童外科治疗的可用性和质量的方法。</p> <p><bold>材料与方法</bold>。在远东联邦区的11个地区同时采用了“商业游戏”的形式，并利用分布式通信渠道和对研究参与者的意见进行音像记录的技术能力实施模拟过程。在新生儿外科、胸外科、神经外科、肿瘤科和肛肠科实施了五个系列的商业游戏。游戏场景由以下研究的组织者准备：俄罗斯儿科外科医生协会有限责任公司和促进新项目战略倡议机构。比赛由相关联邦医疗组织的主要专家主持。 来自远东联邦区的地区代表队参加了本次活动。联邦立法和行政机构的代表以及医疗专家观摩本次活动。</p> <p><bold>结果</bold>。远东联邦区的9至11个地区参加了五个系列的商业游戏。参与者总数从126到151不等，连接点数量从42到66不等。发现的问题包括组织（9个）、人事（8个）、运输（7个）、设备（7个）和财务（6个）方面。</p> <p><bold>结论</bold>。建立地区间儿童外科专业护理中心的想法符合专业界代表和地区保健组织者的愿景，认为这是改善儿童医疗服务的可获得性和质量的一种有前途的方式。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>experimental game</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>child mortality</kwd><kwd>organizational model</kwd><kwd>health services administration</kwd><kwd>quality of health care</kwd><kwd>transportation of patients</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>деловая игра</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>детская смертность</kwd><kwd>Дальневосточный федеральный округ</kwd><kwd>межрегиональный центр детской хирургии</kwd><kwd>организация медицинской помощи</kwd><kwd>медицинская эвакуация</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">НКО «Агентство стратегических инициатив по продвижению новых проектов» и осуществлена при организационно-технологической поддержке ООО</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">NGO “Agency for Strategic Initiatives”</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="zh">NGO “Agency for Strategic Initiatives”</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source></award-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">ООО «Мобильная медицина»</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Mobile Medicine LLC</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="zh">Mobile Medicine LLC</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source></award-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Ассоциации ФБМ</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">FBM Association</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="zh">FBM Association</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Belchikov JM, Birshtein MM. 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