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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Anesthesia and Intensive Care</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Anesthesia and Intensive Care</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский вестник детской хирургии, анестезиологии и реаниматологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2219-4061</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-6554</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1528</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/psaic1528</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Study Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Postoperative complications in males with anorectal malformations depending on the surgical approach</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Послеоперационные осложнения у мальчиков с аноректальными мальформациями в зависимости от способа низведения кишки</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>与肛门直肠畸形男孩的术后并发症取决于肠道下降方法有关的问题</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9115-7008</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2982-1785</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Morozov</surname><given-names>Dmitrii D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Морозов</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Дмитриевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Morozov</surname><given-names>Dmitrii D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Postgraduate Student, Pediatric Surgeon</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант, детский хирург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Postgraduate Student, Pediatric Surgeon</p></bio><email>dr.dd.morozov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5361-8589</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Agavelyan</surname><given-names>Anzhelika E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Агавелян</surname><given-names>Анжелика Эриковна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Agavelyan</surname><given-names>Anzhelika E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студентка</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Student</p></bio><email>lika.lk@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7998-5639</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7141-9649</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khalafov</surname><given-names>Rashid V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Халафов</surname><given-names>Рашид Вахидович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Khalafov</surname><given-names>Rashid V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, ассистент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant</p></bio><email>drrash777@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9477-8785</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6405-8928</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shumikhin</surname><given-names>Vasiliy S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шумихин</surname><given-names>Василий Сергеевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Shumikhin</surname><given-names>Vasiliy S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant Professor</p></bio><email>pennylane@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4444-6103</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5998-7470</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mokrushina</surname><given-names>Olga G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мокрушина</surname><given-names>Ольга Геннадьевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Mokrushina</surname><given-names>Olga G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p></bio><email>mokrushina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.F. Filatov Children’s City Clinical Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Детская городская клиническая больница им. Н.Ф. Филатова</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">N.F. Filatov Children’s City Clinical Hospital</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2023-07-27" publication-format="electronic"><day>27</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-10-20" publication-format="electronic"><day>20</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>341</fpage><lpage>351</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-06-06"><day>06</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-07-24"><day>24</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2023,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rps-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1528">https://rps-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1528</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold><italic>BACKGROUND</italic></bold><italic>:</italic> Anorectal abnormalities occur in 1:1,500 to 1:5,000 live births. There is still no agreement on the best surgical procedure for treating some types of anorectal abnormalities in males. Anorectoplasty could be performed using the posterior sagittal approach and using laparoscopic techniques.</p> <p><bold><italic>AIM</italic></bold><italic>:</italic> To assess the risk of postoperative complications and determine their specificity in males with anorectal malformations, depending on the surgery approach.</p> <p><bold><italic>MATERIALS AND METHODS</italic></bold><italic>:</italic> A single-center retrospective cohort study was performed. Male patients with anorectal malformations who had surgical correction of anorectal malformation by posterior sagittal (group I) or laparoscopic-assisted anorectoplasty (group II) at the age of up to 1 yr at the N.F. Filatov Children’s City Clinical Hospital from 2008 to 2022. Postoperative and intraoperative problems and the number of surgical interventions that had to be redone to correct issues were noted.</p> <p><bold><italic>RESULTS</italic></bold><italic>:</italic> Of the 33 patients in group I, 18 (55%) had anorectal malformations with bulbar fistula, 12 (36%) had anorectal malformations without fistula, and three (9%) had a prostatic fistula. Group II included 99 patients, with 53 (54%) having anorectal malformations with prostatic fistula, 30 (30%) having anorectal malformations with bulbar fistula, nine (9%) having anorectal malformations with bladder neck fistula, and seven (7%) having anorectal malformations without a fistula. The incidence of intraoperative and postoperative complications was statistically significantly higher in children after posterior sagittal anorectoplasty than laparoscopic-assisted anorectoplasty: I, 19 (58%) versus II, 33 (33%); <italic>p</italic> = 0.014. The number of redo surgical interventions to correct complications did not differ significantly between the studied groups: I, 8 (24%) versus II, 26 (26%); <italic>p </italic>= 0.819. The incidence of urethral damage was identified with posterior sagittal anorectoplasty compared with laparoscopic-assisted anorectoplasty: I, 4 (12%) versus II, 0 (0%); <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001. We found no differences in postoperative complications between laparoscopic-assisted and posterior sagittal anorectoplasty.</p> <p><bold><italic>CONCLUSIONS</italic></bold><italic>:</italic> The results define laparoscopic-assisted anorectoplasty as a viable and promising method that does not have specific postoperative complications if it is technically correctly performed. It is necessary to develop clear criteria for rectum mobilization and the volume of rectourethral fistula dissection during laparoscopic-assisted surgery to reduce the risks of postoperative problems and repeat surgery.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Актуальность</bold>. Частота встречаемости аноректальных мальформаций варьирует от 1 : 1500 до 1 : 5000 живорожденных. В настоящее время при различных формах аноректальных мальформаций, встречающихся у мальчиков, нет консенсуса относительно выбора определенного оперативного метода лечения. Низведение кишки на промежность при данных пороках возможно выполнять как через задний сагиттальный доступ, так и при помощи лапароскопической техники.</p> <p><bold>Цель</bold> — оценить риск послеоперационных осложнений и определить их специфичность у мальчиков с аноректальными мальформациями в зависимости от способа низведения прямой кишки.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы</bold>. В одноцентровое ретроспективное когортное исследование включены пациенты мужского пола с аноректальными мальформациями, которым была выполнена радикальная коррекция аноректального порока развития посредством проведения задней сагиттальной (I группа) или видеоассистированной аноректопластики (II группа) в возрасте до 1 года в Детской городской клинической больнице им. Н.Ф. Филатова (Москва) в период с 2008 по 2022 г. Регистрировали послеоперационные и интраоперационные осложнения, а также количество необходимых повторных хирургических вмешательств для коррекции осложнений.</p> <p><bold>Результаты</bold>. В I группу вошло 33 пациента, из них у 18 (55 %) диагностирована аноректальная мальформация с ректобульбарным свищом, у 12 (36 %) — аноректальная мальформация без свища, у 3 (9 %) — ректопростатический свищ. II группу составили 99 пациентов с диагностированной аноректальной мальформацией, из которых 53 (54 %) ребенка с ректопростатическим свищом, 30 (30 %) — с ректобульбарным свищом, 9 (9 %) — с ректопузырным свищом, 7 (7 %) — без свища. Общая частота встречаемости интра- и послеоперационных осложнений была статистически достоверно выше у детей после задней сагиттальной аноректопластики в сравнении с видеоассистированной аноректопластикой: I — 19 (58 %) vs II — 33 (33 %); <italic>p</italic> = 0,014. Количество повторных хирургических вмешательств для коррекции осложнений значимо не отличалось между исследуемыми группами: I — 8 (24 %) vs II — 26 (26 %); <italic>p</italic> = 0,819. Значимо больший риск повреждения уретры был определен при выполнении задней сагиттальной аноректопластики, в сравнении с видеоассистированной: I — 4 (12 %) vs II — 0 (0 %); <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0,001. Таким образом, мы не обнаружили послеоперационных осложнений более характерных как для видеоассистированной, так и заднесагиттальной аноректопластики.</p> <p><bold>Заключение</bold>. Полученные результаты определяют видеоассистированную аноректопластику как состоятельный и перспективный метод, не имеющий специфичных послеоперационных осложнений при технически верном выполнении. Требуется разработка четких критериев рациональной мобилизации прямой кишки и объема диссекции ректоуретрального свища в ходе видеоассистированной аноректопластики, что позволит минимизировать риски послеоперационных осложнений и необходимость выполнения повторных оперативных вмешательств.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p><bold>论证</bold>。肛门直肠畸形的发病率从1:1500到1:5000不等。目前，对于男孩各种肛门直肠畸形的手术治疗方法来说，专家还没有达成共识。在存在这些畸形的情况下，可以通过后矢状切口或腹腔镜技术将肠管下降到会阴部。</p> <p><bold>该研究的目的</bold>是评估肛门直肠畸形男孩术后并发症的风险，并根据直肠下降方法确定其特异性。</p> <p><bold>材料与方法</bold>。一项单中心回顾性队列研究纳入了肛门直肠畸形的男性患者。这些患者在1岁前接受了后矢状（I组）或视频辅助肛门直肠成形术（II组）的肛门直肠畸形根治术。治疗是在N.F.Filatov 儿童市立临床医院进行的。医生记录了术后和术中的并发症以及为纠正并发症而重复进行手术 的次数。</p> <p><bold>结果</bold>。第一组包括33名患者，其中18名（55%）确诊为肛门直肠畸形伴直肠尿道瘘，12名（36%）确诊为肛门直肠畸形无瘘管，3名（9%）确诊为直肠前列腺瘘。第二组包括99名确诊为肛门直肠畸形的患者，其中53名（54%）患儿患有直肠前列腺瘘，30名（30%）患儿患有直肠尿道瘘，9名（9%）患儿患有直肠膀胱瘘，7名（7%）患儿未无瘘管。与视频辅助肛门直肠成形术相比，后矢状肛门直肠成形术患儿术中和术后并发症的总发生率明显更高：I组中的19例（58%）对II组中的33例（33%）；p = 0.014。 为纠正并发症而重复进行手术的次数在研究组之间没有显著差异：I组中的8例（24%）对II组中的 26例（26%）；p = 0.819。与视频辅助肛门成形术相比，后矢状肛门成形术的尿道损伤风险明显更高：I组中的4例（12%）对II组中的0例（0%）；p &lt; 0.001。因此，我们发现了，视频辅助肛门直肠成形术和后矢状肛门直肠成形术的术后并发症都不典型。</p> <p><bold>结论</bold>。所获得的结果表明，视频辅助肛门成形术是一种有效且前途广阔的方法。如果技术操作 得当，这种方法不会出现特殊的术后并发症。在进行视频辅助肛门直肠成形术的过程中，有必要为直肠的合理移动和直肠尿道瘘的解剖容量制定明确的标准。这将有助于最大限度地降低术后并发症的风险和重复进行手术干预的需要。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>anorectal malformations</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>congenital defects</kwd><kwd>laparoscopic-assisted anorectoplasty</kwd><kwd>posterior sagittal anorectoplasty</kwd><kwd>postoperative complications</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аноректальные мальформации</kwd><kwd>послеоперационные осложнения</kwd><kwd>видеоассистированная аноректопластика</kwd><kwd>задняя сагиттальная аноректопластика</kwd><kwd>врожденные пороки</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>肛门直肠畸形</kwd><kwd>术后并发症</kwd><kwd>视频辅助肛门直肠成形术</kwd><kwd>后矢状肛门直肠成形术</kwd><kwd>先天性畸形</kwd><kwd>儿童</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stephens FD, Smith ED. 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