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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Anesthesia and Intensive Care</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Anesthesia and Intensive Care</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский вестник детской хирургии, анестезиологии и реаниматологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2219-4061</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-6554</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1303</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/psaic1303</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Case reports</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Клинические случаи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Pneumothorax in newborns with multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with COVID-19: a case reports</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Пневмоторакс у новорожденных с мультисистемным воспалительным синдромом, ассоциированным с COVID-19: серия клинических наблюдений</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8917-1399</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8070-4961</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shangareeva</surname><given-names>Roza K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шангареева</surname><given-names>Роза Хурматовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Pediatric Surgery</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, доцент кафедры детской хирургии</p></bio><email>shanrosa@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4891-5432</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6346-9665</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Absalyamova</surname><given-names>Nursilya T.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абсалямова</surname><given-names>Нурсиля Талгатовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head Physician</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>главный врач</p></bio><email>evn.gdkb17@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7982-7032</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorova</surname><given-names>Regina R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федорова</surname><given-names>Регина Раифовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Deputy Head Physician of Medical Work</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>заместитель главного врача по лечебной работе</p></bio><email>fedorova.gdkb17@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5248-978X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7309-4816</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tikhonova</surname><given-names>Irina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тихонова</surname><given-names>Ирина Васильевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head of the Department of Pathology of Newborns</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>заведующая отделением патологии новорожденных</p></bio><email>ivt17opn@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8574-7239</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4306-0701</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mukhamedova</surname><given-names>Rano Kh.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мухамедова</surname><given-names>Рано Хакимжановна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head of the neonatal intensive care unit</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>заведующая отделением реанимации новорожденных</p></bio><email>ranosha-1969@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2782-0506</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4374-8493</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Alibaev</surname><given-names>Aibulat K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алибаев</surname><given-names>Айбулат Касимович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), Deputy Head Physician of Surgery</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, заместитель главного врача по хирургии</p></bio><email>alibaev04@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3154-6885</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5600-3940</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Minibaeva</surname><given-names>Gulfiya I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Минибаева</surname><given-names>Гульфия Ильфировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pediatric Surgeon</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>детский хирург</p></bio><email>g.minibaeva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Bashkir State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Башкирский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Municipal Children’s Hospital No. 17</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Городская детская клиническая больница № 17</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2022-12-21" publication-format="electronic"><day>21</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-01-19" publication-format="electronic"><day>19</day><month>01</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>489</fpage><lpage>503</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-11-07"><day>07</day><month>11</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-12-20"><day>20</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rps-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1303">https://rps-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1303</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Currently, there is more and more data on new manifestations of COVID-19, such as multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children, which occurs with severe complications, among which cases of pneumothorax have been recorded.</p> <p>The article presents the experience of treating 4 newborns with a new coronovirus infection who were admitted to the clinic during 2021. In all clinical cases, children were born to mothers with a burdened obstetric history. All children had a positive RNA polymerase chain reaction for SARS-CoV-2. Children were admitted with signs of respiratory, cerebral insufficiency, gastrointestinal syndrome and metabolic disorders. The clinical picture and laboratory data corresponded to the definition of a multisystem inflammatory syndrome and was characterized not only by lung damage, but also by changes in other organs. Pneumothorax was diagnosed on days 15–21. In all children, a tension pneumothorax developed on the right, in the first two cases against the background of mechanical ventilation, in the remaining two with spontaneous breathing with additional oxygenation. In one case, the pneumothorax was bilateral. Drainage of the pleural cavity in three children was carried out according to Bulau and in one case with active aspiration. Pneumothorax resolved after 4–14 days. Computed tomography of the chest, performed during the period of rehabilitation treatment, shows pronounced sclerotic and bullous changes in the lung parenchyma. All patients were discharged from the hospital in a satisfactory condition.</p> <p>Since in all the above cases, pneumothorax occurred in newborns with a burdened obstetric history of mothers, it is difficult to differentiate the occurrence of pneumothorax associated with the underlying disease, the course of labor, complications of therapy, from the disease associated with COVID-19. Stronger evidence is needed from larger datasets and rigorous analysis.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В настоящее время появляется все больше данных о новых проявлениях COVID-19, таких как мультисистемный воспалительный синдром у детей, протекающий с тяжелыми осложнениями, среди которых зафиксированы случаи пневмоторакса.</p> <p>В статье представлен опыт лечения четырех новорожденных с новой короновирусной инфекцией, поступивших в клинику в течение 2021 г. Во всех клинических наблюдениях дети родились от матерей с отягощенным акушерским анамнезом. У всех детей была положительная полимеразная цепная реакция РНК на SARS-CoV-2. Дети поступили с признаками дыхательной, церебральной недостаточности, гастроинтестинальным синдромом и метаболическими нарушениями. Клиническая картина и лабораторные данные соответствовали определению мультисистемного воспалительного синдрома и характеризовалась не только поражением легких, но и изменениями со стороны других органов. Пневмоторакс диагностировали на 15–21-е сутки. У всех детей напряженный пневмоторакс развился справа, в первых двух случаях на фоне искусственной вентиляции легких, в остальных двух — при спонтанном дыхании с дополнительной оксигенацией. В одном наблюдении пневмоторакс был двусторонним. Дренирование плевральной полости у троих детей проведено по Бюлау и в одном наблюдении — с активной аспирацией. Пневмоторакс разрешался через 4–14 сут. На компьютерной томографии органов грудной клетки, выполненной в период реабилитационного лечения, отмечаются выраженные склеротические и буллезные изменения паренхимы легких. Все пациенты выписаны из стационара в удовлетворительном состоянии.</p> <p>Поскольку во всех приведенных наблюдениях пневмоторакс возник у новорожденных с отягощенным акушерским анамнезом матерей, трудно дифференцировать возникновение пневмоторакса, связанного с основным заболеванием, течением родов, осложнениями терапии, от заболевания, связанного с COVID-19. Необходимы более убедительные доказательства из крупных массивов данных с их тщательным анализом.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>newborns</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>coronavirus infection</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>multisystem inflammatory syndrome</kwd><kwd>pneumothorax</kwd><kwd>case report</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>новорожденные</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>коронавирусная инфекция</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>мультисистемный воспалительный синдром</kwd><kwd>пневмоторакс</kwd><kwd>клинический случай</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gorelov AV, Nikolaeva SV, Akimkin VG. Coronavirus infection COVID-19 in children in the Russian Federation. Infectious Diseases. 2020;18(3)s:15–20 (In Russ.) 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