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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Anesthesia and Intensive Care</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Anesthesia and Intensive Care</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский вестник детской хирургии, анестезиологии и реаниматологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2219-4061</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-6554</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1301</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/psaic1301</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Systematic reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Систематические обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Long-term treatment results of hydronephrosis in children operated in their first year of life. A systematic review</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Отдаленные результаты лечения гидронефроза у детей, оперированных на первом году жизни. Систематический обзор</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>在出生后第一年接受手术的患有肾积水的儿童接受治疗的长期结果。系统综述</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8390-822X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5298-7083</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bebenina</surname><given-names>Anastasia A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бебенина</surname><given-names>Анастасия Александровна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Bebenina</surname><given-names>Anastasia A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>postgraduate student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант</p></bio><email>anastasia.bebenina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4444-6103</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5998-7470</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mokrushina</surname><given-names>Olga G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мокрушина</surname><given-names>Ольга Геннадьевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Mokrushina</surname><given-names>Olga G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), MD, Professor of the Department of Pediatric Surgery</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор кафедры детской хирургии</p></bio><email>mokrushina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9838-9493</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2609-2557</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Levitskaya</surname><given-names>Marina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Левитская</surname><given-names>Марина Владимировна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Levitskaya</surname><given-names>Marina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>urolog@neosurg.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9477-8785</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6405-8928</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shumikhin</surname><given-names>Vasily S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шумихин</surname><given-names>Василий Сергеевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Shumikhin</surname><given-names>Vasily S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>vashou@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0519-7220</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5169-3443</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Erokhina</surname><given-names>Nadezhda O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ерохина</surname><given-names>Надежда Олеговна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Erokhina</surname><given-names>Nadezhda O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>nadegdaerokhina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5361-8589</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Agavelyan</surname><given-names>Anzhelika E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Агавелян</surname><given-names>Анжела Эриковна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Agavelyan</surname><given-names>Anzhelika E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>cтудентка</p></bio><email>lika.lk@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский национальный исследовательский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Filatov Children’s Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Детская городская клиническая больница им. Н.Ф. Филатова</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Filatov Children’s Hospital</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2023-06-02" publication-format="electronic"><day>02</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-07-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>189</fpage><lpage>200</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-10-27"><day>27</day><month>10</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-05-22"><day>22</day><month>05</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2023,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rps-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1301">https://rps-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1301</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold><italic>BACKGROUND:</italic></bold> Congenital stenosis of the ureterоpelvic junction is the most common cause of hydronephrosis in children.</p> <p><bold><italic>AIM: </italic></bold>This systematic review aimed to search and analyze modern literature from 1998 to 2021 on the treatment and postoperative follow-up of children with severe hydronephrosis in the first year of life and study the long-term results.</p> <p><bold><italic>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</italic></bold> Literary sources were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, and eLibrary databases. The following keywords were used to search for English sources: congenital hydronephrosis, severe hydronephrosis, operative treatment, uretero-pelvic junction obstruction infant, children, neonatal, and infancy. Five full-text articles that meet the criteria were included for analysis.</p> <p><bold><italic>RESULTS: </italic></bold>A total of 355 patients were included in the publications. Antenatal screening was described only in two studies. The average age of children at the time of surgery was five months (one to six months). All the authors noted that due to pyeloplasty in the first year of life, the renal parenchyma exhibited a significant increase in thickness; the indicators in dynamics increased by an average of 1.5 times during the year. The size of the renal pelvis decreased by 50%–67%. The data of radioisotope scintigraphy were variable; however, in the long-term period, improvement in renal function was noted in all publications.</p> <p><bold><italic>CONCLUSIONS:</italic></bold> This systematic review shows the long-term results of early pyeloplasty in congenital hydronephrosis in young children. A significant decrease in the pelvis and an increase in the thickness of the parenchyma were observed, both of which are an advantage for the restoration of renal function. However, no single algorithm can predict the recovery of renal parenchyma. An accurate assessment of renal parenchymal function should be confirmed by a prospective, randomized, long-term, follow-up study with a large number of cases.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold><italic>Актуальность. </italic></bold>Обструкция пиелоуретерального сегмента — наиболее частая причина гидронефроза у детей.</p> <p><bold><italic>Цель</italic> </bold>— поиск и анализ современной литературы в период с 1998 по 2021 гг. по оперативному лечению гидронефроза на первом году жизни и его отдаленным результатам.</p> <p><bold><italic>Материалы и методы. </italic></bold>Поиск литературных источников производился в базах данных PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar и Elibrary. Для поиска источников использовались следующие ключевые слова: «congenital hydronephrosis», «severe hydronephrosis», «operative treatment», «uretero-pelvic junction obstruction infant», «children, neonatal», «infancy», «врожденный гидронефроз», «тяжелая степень гидронефроза», «оперативное лечение», «обструкция пиелоуретрального сегмента», «дети 1 года жизни». В обзор включены 5 полнотекстовых статей, которые соответствовали критериям дизайна PRISMA и подвергались анализу.</p> <p><bold><italic>Результаты. </italic></bold>По данным отобранных публикаций общее число пациентов составило 355 человек. Антенатальный скрининг описан только в исследованиях двух авторов. Средний возраст детей на момент оперативного вмешательства составил 4,5 мес. (1–6 мес.). Все авторы отметили, что при проведении пиелопластики на первом году жизни значимо увеличилась толщина почечной паренхимы: показатели в динамике в течение года повысились в среднем в 1,5 раза, а размеры почечной лоханки уменьшились на 50–67 %. Данные радиоизотопной сцинтиграфии были вариабельны, однако в отдаленном периоде улучшение почечной функции отмечено во всех публикациях.</p> <p><bold><italic>Заключение. </italic></bold>В систематическом обзоре показаны отдаленные результаты пиелопластики при врожденном гидронефрозе у детей, оперированных на первом году жизни, с достоверным уменьшением лоханки и увеличением толщины паренхимы, что является преимуществом для восстановления почечной функции. Однако в доступной нам литературе нет единого алгоритма, дающего возможность спрогнозировать восстановление почечной паренхимы. Более точная оценка функции почечной паренхимы должна быть подтверждена с помощью проспективного рандомизированного долгосрочного исследования с большим количеством случаев.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p><bold>现实性。</bold>肾盂输尿管连接部梗阻是儿童肾积水的最常见原因。</p> <p>该研究的目的是搜索和分析1998年至2021年期间关于出生后第一年肾积水的手术治疗及其长期结果的现有文献。</p> <p><bold>材料和方法。</bold>在PubMed、Web of Science、Scopus、Google Scholar和Elibrary数据库中进行文献检索。使用了以下关键词来搜索资料：“congenital hydronephrosis”/“врожденный гидронефроз”（先天性肾积水）、“severe hydronephrosis”/“тяжелая степень гидронефроза”（重度肾积水）、“operative treatment”/“оперативное лечение” （手术治疗）、“uretero-pelvic junction obstruction infant”（婴儿肾盂输尿管连接部 梗阻）、“children, neonatal”（儿童的、新生儿的）、“infancy”(婴儿期)、 “обструкция пиелоуретрального сегмента”（肾盂输尿管连接部梗阻）、“дети 1 года жизни”（1岁儿童）。该综述包括5篇符合PRISMA报告标准并受分析的全文文章。</p> <p><bold>结果。</bold>根据选定的出版物，患者总数为355人。只有两位作者的研究中描述了产前筛查。手术时儿童的平均年龄为4.5个月（1-6个月）。所有作者都指出，在出生后第一年进行肾盂成形术时，肾实质厚度明显增加。在一年内，这些数值平均增加了1.5倍。肾盂的大小减少了50-67%。放射性同位素闪烁照相法的数据是可变的。在长期中，所有出版物中都观察到肾功能的改善。</p> <p><bold>结论。</bold>一项系统综述显示在患有先天性肾积水的情况下对出生后第一年接受手术的儿童进行肾盂成形术的长期结果。观察到，手术后肾盂缩小和肾实质的厚度增加。这是恢复肾脏功能的一个优势。然而，在我们能接触的文献中并没有统一的算法以预测肾实质的恢复。对肾实质功能更准确的评估，需要通过大量病例的前瞻性随机长期试验来证实。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hydronephrosis</kwd><kwd>hydronephrosis classification</kwd><kwd>pyelourethral segment obstruction</kwd><kwd>pyeloplasty</kwd><kwd>nephrostomy</kwd><kwd>infancy</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гидронефроз</kwd><kwd>классификация гидронефроза</kwd><kwd>обструкция пиелоуретрального сегмента</kwd><kwd>пиелопластика</kwd><kwd>нефростома</kwd><kwd>грудной возраст</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>肾积水</kwd><kwd>肾盂积水的类型</kwd><kwd>肾盂输尿管连接部梗阻</kwd><kwd>肾盂成形术</kwd><kwd>肾造口术</kwd><kwd>婴儿期的年龄</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schlomer BJ, Cohen RA, Baskin LS. 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