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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Anesthesia and Intensive Care</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Anesthesia and Intensive Care</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский вестник детской хирургии, анестезиологии и реаниматологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2219-4061</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-6554</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1018</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/psaic1018</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Case reports</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Клинические случаи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Difficulty in diagnosing and treating a child with multisystem inflammatory syndrome: a Case report</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Сложность диагностики и лечения ребенка с мультисистемным воспалительным синдромом: клиническое наблюдение</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3220-9549</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4131-3115</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tulokhonova</surname><given-names>Julia S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тулохонова</surname><given-names>Юлия Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>anesthesiologist-resuscitator</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач – анестезиолог-реаниматолог</p></bio><email>se_yu@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5541-7335</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3953-2692</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Obarchuk</surname><given-names>Oksana G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Обарчук</surname><given-names>Оксана Геннадьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>anesthesiologist-resuscitator</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач – анестезиолог-реаниматолог</p></bio><email>oxya_ne@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1527-7005</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1907-1447</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Averina</surname><given-names>Irina A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аверина</surname><given-names>Ирина Анатольевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>anesthesiologist-resuscitator</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач – анестезиолог-реаниматолог</p></bio><email>nsaplina@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Ivano-Matreninsky Children Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Городская Ивано-Матренинская детская клиническая больница</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2022-05-23" publication-format="electronic"><day>23</day><month>05</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-07-24" publication-format="electronic"><day>24</day><month>07</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>223</fpage><lpage>232</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-10-31"><day>31</day><month>10</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-05-23"><day>23</day><month>05</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Tulokhonova J.S., Obarchuk O.G., Averina I.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Тулохонова Ю.С., Обарчук О.Г., Аверина И.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tulokhonova J.S., Obarchuk O.G., Averina I.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тулохонова Ю.С., Обарчук О.Г., Аверина И.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rps-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1018">https://rps-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1018</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This clinical observation is an example to show the complexity of diagnosing and treating children with SARS-CoV-2-associated multisystem inflammatory syndrome.</p> <p>A 17-year-old patient who had a mild form of COVID-19 two weeks ago had a fever again and felt severe abdominal pain, and his general condition deteriorated rapidly. Moreover, on the fifth day from the onset of the disease, a child from the district hospital was admitted to the Ivano-Matreninsky Children’s Hospital in critical condition. Due to peritoneal symptoms, a diagnostic laparoscopy was performed to exclude acute surgical diseases which revealed mesadenitis and hydroperitoneum. Subsequently, the patient had a prolonged fever, severe multiple organ failure developed, including myocarditis with damage to the conduction system of the heart and a marked decrease in the left ventricular ejection fraction, bilateral pneumonia, hydroperitoneum and hydrothorax, acute kidney injury, lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, coagulopathy, increased markers of inflammation. Non-invasive artificial lung ventilation was performed for 3 d. On day 10, an atrial temporary pacing system was installed, removed 11 d after heart rhythm normalization, and the pleural cavity was drained due to spontaneous pneumothorax. There was a gradual positive trend in respiratory status, the state of the cardiovascular system, normalization of laboratory parameters, and a decrease in inflammation markers. The patient was discharged from the hospital in a satisfactory condition on day 39.</p> <p>This clinical case demonstrates a severe course of childhood inflammatory, multisystem syndrome with multiple organ failure. The peculiarities of the case include the severity of abdominal pain syndrome, requiring laparoscopy, impaired cardiac activity, and requiring a pacemaker for 11 days.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>На примере данного клинического наблюдения показана сложность диагностики и лечения детей с мультисистемным воспалительным синдромом, ассоциированным с SARS-CoV-2.</p> <p>У пациента, 17 лет, перенесшего COVID-19 в легкой форме две недели назад, вновь поднялась температура тела, начались сильные боли в животе, общее состояние стало быстро ухудшаться, и на 5-е сутки от начала заболевания ребенок из районного стационара поступил в Городскую Ивано-Матренинскую детскую клиническую больницу в крайне тяжелом состоянии. В связи с наличием перитонеальных симптомов для исключения острых хирургических заболеваний была выполнена диагностическая лапароскопия, при которой обнаружен мезаденит и гидроперитонеум. В последующем у пациента отмечалась длительная лихорадка, развилась тяжелая полиорганная недостаточность, в том числе миокардит с поражением проводящей системы сердца и выраженным снижением фракции выброса левого желудочка, двусторонняя пневмония, гидроперитонеум и гидроторакс, острое почечное повреждение, лимфопения, тромбоцитопения, коагулопатия, повышение маркеров воспаления. В течение 3 сут проводилась неинвазивная искусственная вентиляция легких. На 10-е сутки была установлена предсердная система временной кардиостимуляции, удаленная через 11 дней после нормализации сердечного ритма, проведено дренирование плевральной полости по поводу спонтанного пневмоторакса. Отмечена постепенная положительная динамика по респираторному статусу, состоянию сердечно-сосудистой системы, нормализация лабораторных показателей и снижение маркеров воспаления. Пациент выписан из стационара в удовлетворительном состоянии на 39-е сутки.</p> <p>Приведенный клинический случай демонстрирует тяжелое течение детского воспалительного мультисистемного синдрома с полиорганной недостаточностью. К особенностям наблюдения следует отнести выраженность абдоминального болевого синдрома, потребовавшего лапароскопии, и нарушение сердечной деятельности, для нормализации которой проводилась прямая кардиостимуляция на протяжении 11 сут.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>children’s multisystem inflammatory syndrome</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>abdominal syndrome</kwd><kwd>laparoscopy</kwd><kwd>multiple organ failure</kwd><kwd>myocarditis</kwd><kwd>pacemaker</kwd><kwd>children</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>детский мультисистемный воспалительный синдром</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>абдоминальный синдром</kwd><kwd>лапароскопия</kwd><kwd>полиорганная недостаточность</kwd><kwd>миокардит</kwd><kwd>кардиостимулятор</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Multisystem inflammation syndrome in children and adolescents with COVID-19. 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